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BOT-2: Gross Motor. Bruininks-Oserentsky Test of Motor Proficiency- 2 nd Edition . Key characteristics . Purpose Evaluate proficiency of motor skills Support diagnoses, screening (short form), educational placement (physical education), etc. Most widely used motor proficiency test Age
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BOT-2: Gross Motor Bruininks-Oserentsky Test of Motor Proficiency- 2nd Edition
Key characteristics • Purpose • Evaluate proficiency of motor skills • Support diagnoses, screening (short form), educational placement (physical education), etc. • Most widely used motor proficiency test • Age • 4yrs -21yrs 11 months • Time • Complete form= 40-60 minutes • Short Form= 15-20 minutes • Cost • Gross motor kit- $515.00
Gross Motor Domains • Gross motor composite total: 26 items • Body coordination: motor skills used with balance & coordination of the upper and lower extremities • Strength & agility: large muscle strength, motor speed, and motor skills for maintaining body position for walking and running
Procedures • Testing procedures • Standardized test: administered & scored according to specific procedures • Gross motor should be performed in an area 60 feet long 12 feet wide • Determine hand preference: set a tennis ball on the table and ask the examinee to pick up the ball and throw to you. • Foot preference: place tennis ball on floor and instruct the examinee to kick the ball • Within each subtest the entire item set should be administered regardless of the child’s age
Procedures • Administration procedures • Structured • Can teach the item using pictures, physical demonstration, or verbal instruction • Establish rapport • Administrative options: • Complete form: most reliable measure of overall motor proficiency • Short form: quick and easy overall measure & also used to determine the need for further assessment • Select composites & select subtest: can administer only subtests or composites that are relevant to the client’s need but the complete form should be used for qualifying a client for special-education services or diagnosis such as DCD
Examples of test items • Gross motor • Body coordination • Bilateral coordination • Jumping jacks, tapping foot and finger • Balance • Walking forward on a line, standing on one leg on a balance beam • Strength & Agility • Running speed & agility • Shuttle run, one-legged side hop • Strength • Standing long jump, sit-ups, push-ups
Standardization • Scores identify motor-skill deficits in individuals with mild to moderate motor control problems • Sample: • N=1520 • 12 groups of 4-21 year olds • Sample tested in 239 sites within 38 states • Based on the Current Population Survey (Bureau of the Census, 2001) & the Twenty-sixth Annual Report to Congress (U.S. Department of Education, 2004) • Sampling goal to match US population: • Sex • Race/ethnicity (closely matched US population) • Socioeconomic status • Geographic region
Development • Started out as the BOTMP in 1978 • 2002 product survey identified less effective items within the test • New content focused on improving measurement among 4 & 5 year olds, and expanding coverage of fine and gross motor skills • Secondary goal • Subtest more homogenous collection of activities • 2005 final publication of the BOT-2
Results • Converting raw scores to point scores • Compute subtest total point scores • Convert scale scores to composite standard scores
Interpretation • Well below average • Below average • Average • Above average • Well above average
Test characteristics • Areas of occupation • Education (physical education) • Play • Assessment approach • Bottom-up approach • Frame of Reference • Developmental
Where would this tool be used? • Private practice • School system • Performed in a gymnasium • Area should be 60 feet long and 12 feet wide, low distractions
Measurement concerns • Normative data did not represent for populations outside of the US • Cost: Complete form test kit= $837.00 • Area, size, requirements, special equipment • Examinee dependent • Assessment time