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Enzymes: A Brief Introduction. A Presentation by: Alice Clark, Stephanie Fairweather and Brooke Stepp. What is an Enzyme?. Proteins Function as catalysts Indispensable for most life processes. Functions of Enzymes in our Bodies. Digestion Active Transport DNA Replication
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Enzymes:A Brief Introduction A Presentation by: Alice Clark, Stephanie Fairweather and Brooke Stepp
What is an Enzyme? • Proteins • Function as catalysts • Indispensable for most life processes
Functions of Enzymes in our Bodies • Digestion • Active Transport • DNA Replication • Glucose Metabolism • Muscle Contraction
Enzyme Specificity • Absolute Specificity • Relative Specificity Lactase Salivary Amylase
Cofactor • A specific, inorganic component which attaches to an apoenzyme to activate catalysis of a chemical reaction with a substrate. Carbonic anhydrase needs the cofactor zinc to be present in order to catalyze CO2 and H2O into carbonic acid.
Coenzyme • An organic component which attaches to an apoenzyme to activate catalysis of a chemical reaction with a substrate. Coenzyme NAD+, together with lactate dehydrogenase, catalyze the oxidation of lactate to pyruvate. NAD+ is the oxidizing agent. Coenzymes are present in reactions which produce carbon-oxygen double bonds.
Mechanism of Enzymatic Action • Substrate contacts the active site on enzyme • Forms an enzyme-substrate complex • Substrate is transformed into products • Products are released • Enzyme is recovered, unchanged • *This image shows a breakdown into 2 products, but other transformations are also possible.
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