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STAND BY YOUR STATE: RESEARCHING MISSOURI MILITIA SOLDIERS & MILITARY UNITS

Tom Pearson, Reference Librarian Special Collections Department St. Louis Public Library 6 October 2011. STAND BY YOUR STATE: RESEARCHING MISSOURI MILITIA SOLDIERS & MILITARY UNITS. StLGS presents:. STAND BY YOUR STATE. Missouri men during the Civil War could serve in three different

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STAND BY YOUR STATE: RESEARCHING MISSOURI MILITIA SOLDIERS & MILITARY UNITS

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  1. StLGS presents Tom Pearson, Reference Librarian Special Collections Department St. Louis Public Library 6 October 2011 STAND BY YOUR STATE: RESEARCHING MISSOURI MILITIA SOLDIERS & MILITARY UNITS StLGS presents:

  2. STAND BY YOUR STATE Missouri men during the Civil War could serve in three different types of military unit: StLGS presents

  3. STAND BY YOUR STATE StLGS presents 1. Military units raised directly by the U.S. or C.S.A. governments (Regulars).

  4. STAND BY YOUR STATE StLGS presents 2. Volunteer units raised directly by state governments that were later mustered into federal service.

  5. STAND BY YOUR STATE StLGS presents 3. Militia units that were raised and (usually) served on the local level, often in the county where the unit was raised.

  6. STAND BY YOUR STATE StLGS presents Many Missouri men served in more than one type of military unit during the Civil War.

  7. STAND BY YOUR STATE StLGS presents Many men initially served in short-term militia units (90-day wonders).

  8. STAND BY YOUR STATE StLGS presents Many then enlisted in a longer-term militia unit or a state volunteer unit.

  9. STAND BY YOUR STATE StLGS presents Missourians with Southern sympathies often joined the Missouri State Guard (Confederate militia) in 1861.

  10. STAND BY YOUR STATE StLGS presents State Guard members typically served terms of 3-6 months.

  11. STAND BY YOUR STATE StLGS presents Many then joined Confederate State volunteer regiments from:

  12. STAND BY YOUR STATE StLGS presents Many then joined Confederate State volunteer regiments from: Missouri;

  13. STAND BY YOUR STATE StLGS presents Many then joined Confederate State volunteer regiments from: Missouri; Arkansas;

  14. STAND BY YOUR STATE StLGS presents Many then joined Confederate State volunteer regiments from: Missouri; Arkansas; Kentucky;

  15. STAND BY YOUR STATE StLGS presents Many then joined Confederate State volunteer regiments from: Missouri; Arkansas; Kentucky; and Tennessee.

  16. STAND BY YOUR STATE StLGS presents Missouri Confederate soldiers were eligible to receive a post-war pension regardless of type of military unit served in.

  17. STAND BY YOUR STATE StLGS presents Confederate pensions were paid by the state he lived in after the war, not necessarily the state he served with.

  18. STAND BY YOUR STATE StLGS presents If he lived in a northern state after the war, he did not receive a pension.

  19. STAND BY YOUR STATE StLGS presents Confederate soldiers did not receive federal pensions— their widows became eligible to receive one after the last Confederate soldier died in 1959.

  20. STAND BY YOUR STATE StLGS presents Missouri Civil War Union soldiers were eligible to receive a postwar federal military pension if:

  21. STAND BY YOUR STATE StLGS presents 1. the unit in which they served had been sworn into federal service for the entire term of their service;

  22. STAND BY YOUR STATE StLGS presents 2. or if the unit in which they served was recognized by the War Department as having been at some point in the service of the United States.

  23. STAND BY YOUR STATE StLGS presents Many different types of Union militia units were formed in Missouri during the Civil War.

  24. STAND BY YOUR STATE 447 different military units! StLGS presents

  25. STAND BY YOUR STATE StLGS presents Home Guards Raised in June-December 1861. The men were to be armed by the federal government, and paid only if called to active duty.

  26. STAND BY YOUR STATE StLGS presents Home Guards Several thousand were called to three months active duty during Union General Nathaniel Lyon's advance on Springfield, Missouri in late summer 1861.

  27. STAND BY YOUR STATE StLGS presents Home Guards The Hawkins Taylor Commission ruled that 6 regiments, 22 battalions, and 49 independent companies of Home Guards were eligible for postwar federal pensions.

  28. STAND BY YOUR STATE StLGS presents Home Guards Home Guards were also authorized in 1886 by the Secretary of War to receive certificates of honorable discharge from military service from the War Department.

  29. STAND BY YOUR STATE StLGS presents United States Reserve Corps (three month) Raised in St. Louis in May 1861. These men were to serve only in St. Louis County.

  30. STAND BY YOUR STATE StLGS presents United States Reserve Corps (three month) This organization consisted initially of five regiments of infantry and one company of cavalry.

  31. STAND BY YOUR STATE StLGS presents United States Reserve Corps (three month) Men who served in three-month U.S. Reserve Corps units wereruled eligible by the Assistant Secretary of War to receive federal military pensions and benefits as authorized by the pension act of June 1890.

  32. STAND BY YOUR STATE StLGS presents United States Reserve Corps (three-year) Raised in August & September 1861 from members of the United States Reserve Corps (three-month).

  33. STAND BY YOUR STATE StLGS presents United States Reserve Corps (three-year) These men were to serve without geographic restrictions, but many believed their service would be within Missouri's boundaries only.

  34. STAND BY YOUR STATE StLGS presents United States Reserve Corps (three-year) This organization consisted of six regiments, four battalions, and two independent companies of infantry; one battalion of cavalry; and one regiment of artillery.

  35. STAND BY YOUR STATE StLGS presents United States Reserve Corps (three-year)         Men who served in three-year U.S. Reserve Corps units were eligible to receive postwar federal military pensions and benefits.

  36. STAND BY YOUR STATE StLGS presents Missouri Militia (three month)     Raised in April 1861. Consisted of five regiments of infantry, one battalion of light artillery, and one company of pioneers, all of which were mustered out July 1861.

  37. STAND BY YOUR STATE StLGS presents Missouri Militia (three month) Men who served in three-month Missouri militia units were eligible to receive postwar federal military pensions and benefits.

  38. STAND BY YOUR STATE StLGS presents Missouri Militia (six month) Raised in June-July 1861.

  39. STAND BY YOUR STATE StLGS presents Missouri Militia (six month) Men in these units were armed and paid by the state, and served when called to active duty by the governor.

  40. STAND BY YOUR STATE StLGS presents Missouri Militia (six month) At its height, the Missouri six-month militia consisted of approximately 6,000 men and officers total.

  41. STAND BY YOUR STATE StLGS presents Missouri Militia (six month) These units were disbanded on January 25, 1862, to make way for the Missouri State Militia that was then being organized.

  42. STAND BY YOUR STATE StLGS presents Missouri Militia (six month)  Service in a six-month Missouri militia unit did not qualify a man to receive a postwar federal military pension or benefits.

  43. STAND BY YOUR STATE StLGS presents Enrolled Missouri Militia Raised in late summer and fall of 1862. All able-bodied Missouri men between the ages of 18-45 who were not already in a state or federal military organization were required to enroll..

  44. STAND BY YOUR STATE StLGS presents Enrolled Missouri Militia Men in EMM units were to be used to fight rebel guerrillas operating in the local area.

  45. STAND BY YOUR STATE StLGS presents Enrolled Missouri Militia The men supplied their own horses, guns, and ammunition, and were instructed during their first year of existence to "subsist on the disloyal population."

  46. STAND BY YOUR STATE StLGS presents Enrolled Missouri Militia They were later furnished surplus uniforms, and allowed to draw rations and forage when on duty.

  47. STAND BY YOUR STATE StLGS presents Enrolled Missouri Militia The men could be called out for up to 30 days active duty at a time.

  48. STAND BY YOUR STATE StLGS presents Enrolled Missouri Militia At its height in 1863, the EMM consisted of 89 regiments, 11 battalions, and 10 independent companies, which were all disbanded by March 12, 1865.

  49. STAND BY YOUR STATE StLGS presents Enrolled Missouri Militia Service in a unit of the EMM did not qualify a man to receive a postwar federal military pension and benefits.

  50. STAND BY YOUR STATE StLGS presents Enrolled Missouri Militia An exception: some EMM companies were sworn into federal service for 30 days during Price's raid in fall 1864.

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