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Chapter 11

Chapter 11 Multimedia Devices and Mass Storage You Will Learn… About multimedia devices such as sound cards, digital cameras, and MP3 players About optical storage technologies such as CD and DVD How certain hardware devices are used for backups and fault tolerance

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Chapter 11

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  1. Chapter 11 Multimedia Devices and Mass Storage

  2. You Will Learn… • About multimedia devices such as sound cards, digital cameras, and MP3 players • About optical storage technologies such as CD and DVD • How certain hardware devices are used for backups and fault tolerance • How to troubleshoot multimedia and mass storage devices A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition

  3. Multimedia on a PC • Goal • To create or reproduce lifelike representations of sight and sound • Challenge • Data storage is digital • Sights and sounds are analog A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition

  4. CPU Technologies for Multimedia • MMX (Multimedia Extensions) • Used by Pentium MMX and Pentium II • SSE (Streaming SIMD Extension) • Used by the Pentium III • SSE2 • For the Pentium 4 (which can also use MMX and SSE) A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition

  5. Multimedia Devices • Sound cards • Digital cameras • MP3 players • Video capture cards A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition

  6. Sound Cards • Have ports for external stereo speakers and microphone input • May be Sound-blaster compatible • Sampling accuracy is critical to performance • Stages of computerized sound • Convert from analog to digital (digitize) • Store digital data in compressed data file • Reproduce or synthesize sound (digital to analog) A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition

  7. Installing a Sound Card • Process • Physically install card in empty PCI slot on the motherboard • Install sound card driver • Install sound applications software • Special considerations for Windows 2000/XP installations A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition

  8. Installing a Sound Card (continued) A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition

  9. Installing a Sound Card (continued) A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition

  10. Digital Cameras • Scan field of image and translate light signals into digital values • Use TWAIN format for transferring images A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition

  11. A Flash RAM Card A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition

  12. MP3 Players • Devices that play MP3 files • MP3 can reduce size of a sound file as much as 1:24 without much loss in quality A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition

  13. A Typical MP3 Player A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition

  14. Compression Methods Used with MP3 Players • MPEG-1 standard • Image compression for business/home applications • MPEG-2 standard • Video film compression on DVD-ROM • MPEG-3 standard • Audio compression • MPEG-4 standard • Video transmissions over the Internet A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition

  15. How MP3 Players Work • Play MP3 files: • Downloaded from a PC • Directly from Internet (streaming audio) • Convert files from music CDs into MP3 files (ripping) A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition

  16. Video Capture Card • Captures input from camcorder or directly from TV • Features to look for: • IEEE 1394 (FireWire) port to interface with digital camcorder • Data transfer rates • Capture resolution and color-depth capabilities • Ability to transfer data back to digital camcorder or VCR • Stereo audio jacks • Video-editing software A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition

  17. Optical Storage Technology • Patterns of tiny pits on disc surface represent bits, which are readable by a laser beam • Major optical storage technologies • CD-ROM drives • Use CDFS (Compact Disc File System) or UDF (Universal Disk Format) • DVD drives • Use only UDF A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition

  18. CDs • Read-only; data physically embedded into disc surface • Store data as pits and lands • Use constant linear velocity (CLV) and constant angular velocity (CAV) • Look for multisession feature • Use precautions when handling A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition

  19. Layout of Sectors on a CD A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition

  20. How a CD Drive Can Interface with the Motherboard • EIDE interface (most common) • SCSI interface with SCSI host adapter • Portable drive; plug into external port on PC A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition

  21. Installing a CD Drive A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition

  22. CD-R and CD-RW • CD-R (CD-recordable) • Enables “burning” your own CDs • Cannot edit or overwrite • Bottom of disk is tinted (eg, blue, black); CDs are silver • Inexpensive • Can be read by all CD-ROM drives • CD-RW (CD-rewritable) • Allows overwriting old data with new data • Cannot always be read by older drives A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition

  23. DVD (Digital Video Disc) • Has large storage capacity (8.5 GB one side; 17 GB both sides) • Uses UDF file system • Uses MPEG-2 video compression; requires MPEG-2 controller to decode compressed data • Stores audio in Dolby AC-2 compression • Recently: HD-DVD and read-writable DVDs A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition

  24. DVD Drive A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition

  25. DVD Devices A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition

  26. Installing a DVD Drive A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition

  27. Installing a DVD Drive (continued) A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition

  28. Installing a DVD Drive (continued) A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition

  29. Installing a DVD Drive (continued) A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition

  30. Installing a DVD Drive (continued) A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition

  31. Installing a DVD Drive (continued) A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition

  32. Hardware Used for Backups and Fault Tolerance • On standalone PCs or small servers • Tapes • Removable drives • On a PC connected to file server • Back up data to a file server A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition

  33. Tape Drives • Advantages • Inexpensive and convenient • Large capacity • Several types and formats • Disadvantage • Sequential access A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition

  34. Tape Drives (continued) A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition

  35. How a Tape Drive Interfaces with a Computer • External • Parallel port with optional pass-through to printer • Internal • IDE ATAPI interface • External or internal • SCSI bus • USB connection, its own proprietary controller card, or floppy drive interface A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition

  36. External Tape Drive Using a Parallel Port A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition

  37. An ATAPI Tape Drive A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition

  38. Tapes Used by a Tape Drive • Kinds of tapes • Full-sized data cartridges • Minicartridges (most popular) • Match tapes to tape drives; several standards and sizes exist A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition

  39. Minicartridge A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition

  40. Removable Drives • Can be internal or external • Advantages • Increase overall storage capacity • Easy to move large files between computers • Convenient medium for making backups • Easy to secure important files • Considerations when purchasing • Drop height • Half-life of the disk A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition

  41. Types of Removable Drives • Newer • IBM Microdrive • JumpDrive by Lexar Media • Iomega HDD drive by Iomega • Older • Iomega 3½-inch Zip drive • SuperDisk by Imation A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition

  42. IBM Microdrive A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition

  43. JumpDrive A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition

  44. Iomega HDD Drive A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition

  45. Zip Drives A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition

  46. Installing a Removable Drive • Internal removable drive • Similar to installing a hard drive • For an EIDE drive, set the drive to master or slave on an IDE channel • External removable drive • Different process • If a SCSI drive, SCSI host adapter must already be installed and configured A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition

  47. Fault Tolerance, Dynamic Volumes, and RAID • Fault tolerance • Computer’s ability to respond to a fault or catastrophe • Dynamic volumes • Hard drive configuration that improves performance by implementing fault tolerance and writing data across multiple drives • RAID (redundant array of independent disks) • Methods used to improve performance and automatically recover from a failure A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition

  48. Dynamic Volumes under Windows • Basic disks and dynamic disks • Types of dynamic volumes • Simple volume • Spanned volume • Striped volume (RAID 0) • Mirrored volume (RAID 1) • RAID-5 volume A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition

  49. Basic Disks and Dynamic Disks A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition

  50. Windows Support for RAID A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition

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