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Population Interest in and ability to travel Demand Information & promo Transportation ATTRACATION Or Resource Services (hotels, etc) Supply A Few Rules Domestically, tourism creates no wealth
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PopulationInterest in and ability to travelDemand Information & promoTransportation ATTRACATION Or Resource Services (hotels, etc) Supply
A Few Rules • Domestically, tourism creates no wealth • It may enrich an individual or a firm (but this is always at the expense of someone else). • It may redistribute wealth—generally from a richer area to a poorer area • This is what we call micro-economics.
Macroeconomics • Gross National Product=A+B+C+(exports-imports) • GNP per capita=the best single measure we have of individual well being. • If the GNP per capita is large, the average guy is pretty well off (for example Switzerland=$31,100) • If the GNP per capita is small, the average guy is hurting (for example Kenya=$1000)
If exports are exceeding imports the GNP per capita goes up and the average guy is better off. Review=A+B+C+(exports-imports) • If imports are exceeding exports the GNP per capita goes down and the average guy is worse off. Review=A+B+C+(exports-imports) • International tourism is an a part of the global trade. A country can lose money at it (the USA) or gain money at it (UK, Kenya)
If exports are exceeding imports the GNP per capita goes up and the average guy is better off. • If imports are exceeding exports the GNP per capita goes down and the average guy is worse off. • International tourism is a part of the global trade. A country can lose money at it (the USA) or gain money at it (UK, Kenya)
The only economic reason we as a people have to conserve (that is take care of) any tourist attraction (that is a resource) is because it attracts visitors from overseas and therefore makes us as a people richer. • Individuals, firms and regions may have other reasons to conserve tourist attraction but this is a microeconomic matter. • Domestically tourism may redistribute wealth and thereby create local reasons to conserve resources.
So in this course I am going to concentrate on the tourist attraction or resource in the form of protected areas like national parks and equivalent reserves very broadly defined. • Intended to get a handle on the ideas behind international tourism in a post 9-11 world. • But ultimately our interest is to examine how and why various countries bother to conserve resources
The example of the Hummingbird
One South Carolina hummer (summers) • 11 natives to USA (summers) • Until you have all 11 you aren’t a birder • All 11 plus a number of incidental found in • Southeast Arizona • For many ranches in southeast Arizona, • hummers are more important than • livestock • 206 species of hummingbirds found in • Ecuador You aren’t a birder until you have Them all