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Water Pollution

Water Pollution. Mr. Distasio. 1) Resource Extraction. Coal Mining. The “rock spoil” or “Overburden”, the material that must be removed in order to reach the coal seam, may contain PYRITE (fool’s gold).

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Water Pollution

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  1. Water Pollution Mr. Distasio

  2. 1) Resource Extraction Coal Mining

  3. The “rock spoil” or “Overburden”, the material that must be removed in order to reach the coal seam, may contain PYRITE (fool’s gold). When the pyrite is exposed to air and water, Acid and Iron are released into the environment. Pyrite + O2 + H2O = H2SO4 + FeOH The iron is leached out, oxidized and precipitates out as “Yellow Boy” (AMD)

  4. Oil & Natural Gas Extraction Now… Then … Edwin Drake, 1859, Titusville PA For every 1 barrel of useful oil that is extracted, 10 barrels of “brine” is produced.

  5. 2) Agriculture Problems FERTILIZER PESTICIDES MANURE STEAMBANK EROSION SILTATION

  6. Potential Solutions: 1) Creation of aRiparian Zone Vegetative “Buffer” (200’)

  7. 2) Stream-bank Fencing

  8. 3) Terracing

  9. 4) No-Till Farming

  10. Manure Management • Fertilizer Reduction

  11. 7) Pesticide Reduction

  12. 3) Municipal Sources Examples: • Trash • Hazardous, Near Hazardous Waste • Landfills • Sewage

  13. Types of Source Pollutants • Two main types of source pollutants • Nonpoint source pollutants • Point source pollutants

  14. NONPOINT SOURCES Rural homes Cropland Urban streets Animal feedlot POINT SOURCES Suburban development Factory Wastewater treatment plant Point and Nonpoint Sources Fig. 22-4 p. 494

  15. Nonpoint Source (NPS) Pollutants • Definition: pollutants that are carried far from their sources by rain and melting snow and are eventually deposited in soil or into freshwater and groundwater systems

  16. Pollution of Lakes Fig. 22-7 p. 499

  17. Water Pollution • In developed nations… • Potable drinking water is readily accessible • Water used in households is treated to remove dangerous pollutants • Pollutants enter water supplies several ways • Example: pollution from precipitation • Example: pollution from irrigation runoff

  18. Water Pollution • Common waterway pollutants • Sediments • Nutrients • These substances wash into waterways from farmlands, animal feeding facilities, construction sites, and other areas where the ground is disturbed

  19. Point Source (PS) Pollutants • Definition:contaminants that are discharged or emitted from an identifiable source

  20. Point Source (PS) Pollutants • In 1996, Pennsylvania was one of the top ten states in the nation for point source emissions. • Common point source pollutants • Factory pipes, leaking landfills, wastes from food processing plants and slaughterhouses, domestic sewage, and factory smokestacks

  21. Effluent • Definition: wastewater from factories and refineries that is released directly into urban water supplies

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