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innovation insight. redesignresearch.com designdialogues.net. Peter H. Jones, Ph.D. Dayton, Toronto. From User Research Design. User-Centered Design as process Research to Design is not plug-and-play Real design work is not a structured process
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innovation insight redesignresearch.com designdialogues.net Peter H. Jones, Ph.D. Dayton, Toronto
From User Research Design User-Centered Design as process Research to Design is not plug-and-play Real design work is not a structured process User Research and using mixed methods Good research is also not pre-fab Different methods are needed to tease out answers We end up with nice, clean deliverables But what gets left on the table?
Pre-Product User Understanding User understanding Work context studies Contextual inquiry User needs analysis Product Definition Early Product (Concept) Requirements validation Usability evaluation Post-release testing Concept proto testing Field concept studies Contextual Design User-Centered Design as a process
Consider User Research … No standard UX research approach Nor should there be … Driven by objectives & the questions
Contextual Inquiry Survey Usability A Mix of MethodsThere are times to use one,& times to use several together.Working from a few foundations:- Usability Evaluation - Field Research- Expert Reviews
Ethnographic Field Research • Observing & interviewing users in context, and combining data collection methods such as:- Unobtrusive observation (shadowing)- Participant observation (informed ethnographer)- Open & Semi-structured interview- Contextual interview of work episodes- Cognitive walkthrough of information tasks Elicitation methods: Freelisting, Card sorts, Checklists- Other methods employed to fit field situation(e.g. Diaries, peripheral participant interviews)
Elsevier Health Sciences: Nursing Information Needs Field Study Artifacts Analysis Identification & analysis of (physical) cognitive artifacts adapted for performing tasks of interest. Cognitive memory & task aids useful for design.
Elsevier Health Sciences: Nursing Information Needs Field Study – 2006 Personas
LexisNexis: Small Law User Needs Analysis – 2004 Patterns in a case lifecycle
LexisNexis: Small Law User Needs Analysis – 2004 Demand to Government and Community Resources Publisher, 3rd-Party, and Fee Resources Optimize Time Government & Court Services LexisNexis Publications: Matthew Bender Publishers & Services Bar & Legal Community West Group Westlaw & Publications Law Firm - Shared resources Court Partners & Records and Forms Associates Other Legal Daily interaction with Courts Publishers - BNA, CCH, etc. Firm Library Attorney text Community Law Library Bar Association Discussions with attorneys Services Internet, Aggregator Services Government Sources: Internet Providers: State & Federal Sites Findlaw, Lois Law Pressure to Optimize Costs Information economy
Into deliverable models Information task flow model, by role (Jones, from Contextual Design diagram)
To Deliverables, typically:ReportsPresentationsCommunicationsHow do these actually design?- Wireframes >> Prototypes - Personas >> Shared user models- Scenarios / Flows >> Interaction models- Models >> Navigation & Integration
Research to Design: - Less structure than it appears - Negotiation among multiple POVs - Transforms data to interpretations to models to pictures to decisions - Collaborative decision making process