NASA Constellation Program Modeling and Simulation

1. NASA Constellation ProgramModeling and Simulation Don Monell Constellation SE&I Modeling, Simulation and Data Architecture Manager donald.w.monell@nasa.gov Marshall Space Flight Center Huntsville, AL

2. Global Exploration Strategy • Use the Moon to prepare for future human and robotic missions to Mars and other destinations • Pursue scientific activities to address fundamental questions about the solar system, the universe, and our place in them • Extend sustained human presence to the moon to enable eventual settlement • Expand Earth’s economic sphere to encompass the Moon and pursue lunar activities with direct benefits to life on Earth • Strengthen existing and create new global partnerships • Engage, inspire, and educate the public

3. Components of Program Constellation Earth Departure Stage Orion - Crew Exploration Vehicle Ares V - Heavy Lift Launch Vehicle Lunar Lander Ares I - Crew Launch Vehicle

4. Constellation Leverages Unique Skills and Capabilities Throughout NASA and the Aerospace Industry Ames • Lead Thermal Protection System ADP • Aero-Aerothermal database • Ares Abort simulations • Software and GN&C support Glenn • Lead Service Module and Spacecraft Adapter integration • Flight Test Article “Pathfinder” fabrication • Ares I-1 upper stage simulator lead • Ares power, TVC and sensors lead • J-2X altitude/inspace testing • SE&I Support Goddard • Communications Support Dryden • Lead Abort Flight Test Integration/Operations • Abort Test Booster procurement • Flight Test Article Development/Integration Langley • Lead Launch Abort System integration • Lead landingsystem ADP • Ares I-1 vehicle integration • Ares aerodynamics lead • SE&I Support JPL • Thermal Protection System support Kennedy • Home for Ground Ops Project • Ground processing • Launch operations • Recovery operations Johnson • Home for Program • Home for Projects: Orion, Mission Ops, EVA, Lunar Lander • Lead Crew Module integration • Orion Spacecraft Integration • GFE projects management • Flight Test Program Marshall • Home for Ares Project • Ares I and V development and integration lead • LAS and SM SE&I Support Stennis • Rocket Propulsion Testing for Ares 4

5. M&S Used Across Constellation • Modeling and Simulation (M&S) is Integral to every aspect NASA’s exploration mission • Planning • Architecture Analysis • Technology Evaluation • Requirements Definition • Risk Assessments • Supportability, Operability &Affordability Analyses • Performance Analysis • Test and Verification • Training • Operations • Effective Management of M&S has several key Goals • Provide Timely Trusted Data for Decision Makers • Reduce System Lifecycle Cost and Risk • Better requirements, designs, tests, training • Minimize Slips in Schedule Institutionalizing M&S Management Practices Early is Critical to long-term Success

6. M&S Hierarchy Program (JSC - Cx) Directorate (HQ - ESMD) Campaign Architecture Analysis M&S Development Community Mission Architecture Analysis M&S Development Community M&S Hierarchy • Sensitivity studies • System CONOPS Analysis • Systems Communications Analysis • Interface Analysis • Requirements Assessment • Cost Trades • System Architecture Specification • Optimize Element Resources • System Requirements Definition • System Architecture Analysis • Architecture Trade Studies Campaigns Missions DefinedDataInterfaces Systems Elements • Integrated Common Model SW Library • Horizontal and vertical model integration • Lower-level detailed models used to populate/run upper-level models – via direct linkage or aggregation • Thermal • Power • EM • Structure • Cost • Weights/Sizing • Propulsion • Aero Integrated System Performance Analysis M&S Development Community Engineering Discipline Analysis M&S Development Community Projects(e.g., JSC – Orion, MSFC – Ares,…) Elements(e.g., MSFC – US, JSC – CM) Common Model SW Library

7. Cx Modeling and Simulation Products • Integrated Program Model • A mathematical (i.e., parametric) representation of the baseline Cx program; consists of integrated set of “user-developed” (e.g., CEV, etc.) models; permits trades and analysis around baseline (perf., cost, risk and sched.) • Distributed Space Exploration Simulation • A multi-center (ARC, JSC, LaRC, MSFC; GRC, KSC) activity which: 1) develops and delivers (working w/ CIO) distributed simulation capabilities and infrastructure; 2) develops and delivers integrated, distributed time- and event-based simulations across the program (working with projects); and, 3) provides the foundation for the long-term T&V DSIL effort. • Lunar Surface Operations Simulation • A simulation capability of lunar surface operations; will eventually include high-fidelity topographical data from LRO

8. Cx Modeling and SimulationServices • Investment Management • Provide management of M&S documents, risks, metrics, formal guidance, standards and protocol; provide funding recommendations on models and simulations distributed across the program; provide guidance to “modelers and simulators” that enables the integration into program-level models and sims • VV&A • Define, develop, communicate and implement a verification, validation and accreditation process for all Cx models and sims • Configuration Management • Define, develop, communicate and implement a configuration management process for all Cx models and sims (work w/ MSO) • M&S Data Environment • Establish infrastructure for team collaboration, model and simulation configuration management and sharing, and analysis • M&S Data Model • Develop a data model for modeling and simulation data exchange and interoperability • Data Presentation and Visualization • Develop and integrate visualization and data presentation tools to inform system design, operations, development and stakeholders

9. M&S Use Across Programs • NASA has completed Cx SRR and is beginning a “season of SDRs”: • Most of the current modeling and simulation efforts involve support to trades (performance, cost, risk, schedule, etc.) • Working long-lead items: • operational simulation and planning (ground and flight) • Distributed Systems Integration Labs (DSIL) • Lander and surface element simulations • Bringing the operators into the loop as early as possible • Crew - manual control studies for FPSIG; cockpit design and layouts • Test personnel – laying the foundation for the DSIL approach with DSES • Operators – ground processing and work flow through KSC facilities • Modeling and simulation efforts occurring at Progam- and Project-levels • Coordination of efforts occurs at Cx Modeling and Simulation Working Group • Project-level models and simulations are being developed to integrate into Program-level efforts

10. Summary • NASA is building upon years of modeling and simulation (M&S) experience to provide data earlier in the design efforts • NASA is covering the full spectrum of M&S activities: • Parametric; Discrete Event Simulations; Real-time Simulations • Analysts; Operators; Ground technicians; Crew • M&S in use early in the program are intended to evolve into the high-fidelity simulations and emulations used in the systems integration labs (HWIL and SWIL) and during flight operations • NASA is embarking upon a disciplined approach to verifying, validating and accrediting our models and simulations • The roles of M&S in enhancing judgment involves… The use of “vv&a’d” models and simulations to produce analytical data across the spectrum of cost, risk, performance and schedule in time enough to affect substantive and meaningful change in a system’s lifecycle.