1 / 21

Imaging Electrical Activit y of the Heart

BM573 CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING Student Presentation. Imaging Electrical Activit y of the Heart. Özlem Özmen Okur. Contraction of a Cardiac Muscle Cell. In the heart: Iionic current triggers the rhythmic muscle contractions that pump blood in and out.

emmly
Download Presentation

Imaging Electrical Activit y of the Heart

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. BM573 CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING Student Presentation Imaging Electrical Activity of the Heart Özlem Özmen Okur

  2. Contraction of a Cardiac Muscle Cell In the heart: Iionic current triggers the rhythmic muscle contractions that pump blood in and out. http://butler.cc.tut.fi/~malmivuo/bem/bembook/06/06.htm Imaging Electrical Activity of the Heart

  3. The Different Waveforms for Each of the Specialized Cells http://butler.cc.tut.fi/~malmivuo/bem/bembook/06/06x/conducti/0607i.htm Imaging Electrical Activity of the Heart

  4. http://butler.cc.tut.fi/~malmivuo/bem/bembook/06/06x/isochron/65.htmhttp://butler.cc.tut.fi/~malmivuo/bem/bembook/06/06x/isochron/65.htm http://www.comsol.com/stories/heart/ Need for Mapping of Electrical Activity To understand the mechanisms responsible for the normal cardiac rhythm and for the initation and maintenance of arrhythmias. Imaging Electrical Activity of the Heart

  5. Problems (1) • Normal Sinus Rhythm (: All complexes normal, evenly spacedRate 60 - 100/min • Sinus Bradycardia: All complexes normal, evenly spacedRate < 60 - 100/min • Sinus Tachycardia: All complexes normal, evenly spacedRate > 100/min • Sinus Arrythmia: All complexes normal, rhythm is irregular Imaging Electrical Activity of the Heart

  6. Problems (2) • WANDERING PACEMAKER (Impulses originate from varying points in atria): Variation in P-wave contour, P-R and P-P interval and therefore in R-R intervals • ATRIAL FLUTTER (Impulses travel in circular course in atria): Rapid flutter waves, ventricular response irregular • ATRIAL FIBRILLATION (Impulses have chaotic, random pathways in atria): Baseline irregular, ventricular response irregular • VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATIONChaotic ventricular depolarization Imaging Electrical Activity of the Heart

  7. Wave pattern (a single spiral) on the ventricular surface, during monomorphic tachycardia http://www.math.utah.edu/~keener/lectures/maw/slide8.html Imaging Electrical Activity of the Heart

  8. Surface View of Fibrillation http://www.math.utah.edu/~keener/lectures/maw/slide13.html Imaging Electrical Activity of the Heart

  9. Imaging Electrical Activity of the Heart • Reconstruction from internally located electrodes • Electrocardiographic Imaging • Optical Imaging • Magnetocardiographic Imaging Imaging Electrical Activity of the Heart

  10. Ventricular Jacket Array Vahlhaus, Christian, et al; “Direct epicardial mapping predicts the recovery of left ventricular dysfunction in chronic ischaemic myocardium”; European Heart Journal; v. 25; n. 2; pp. 151-157; 2003. Imaging Electrical Activity of the Heart

  11. Internally Located Defibrillation Electrodes • Left: anterior, right: posterior view of the heart and the major vessels of the heart. • Red: regions of large current densities • Blue: regions of relatively lower current densities. http://www.lib.utah.edu/gould/2000/lecture00.html Imaging Electrical Activity of the Heart

  12. Burnes, John, et al; "A Noninvasive Imaging Modality for Cardiac Arrhythmias"; Nature Medicine; n. 10; pp. 422-428; 2004. Electrocardiographic Imaging • Noninvasive • Using body surface measurements • Reconstruction on the heart's surface using geometrical information from computed tomography (CT) and a mathematical algorithm. Imaging Electrical Activity of the Heart

  13. Optical Imaging of Electrical Activity in the Heart Cardiac action potentials are recorded using voltage-sensitive dyes to monitor • cellular potential, • cell to cell interactions, and • propagation and repolarization "patterns" underlying cardiac arrhythmias. http://www.metrohealthresearch.org/hvrcresearchelectrophys.html Imaging Electrical Activity of the Heart

  14. considerably less sensitive tomovement artifacts generated by muscle contractions Optical Properties of Membrane-Bound Dyes That Have Been Used to Measure Membrane Potential Changes • Fluorescence, • Absorption, • Dichroism, • Birefringence, • Fluorescenceresonance energy transfer, • Nonlinear second harmonicgeneration, and • Resonance Raman absorption. Efimov, Igor, et al; "Optical Imaging of the Heart"; Circ. Res.; n.95; pp. 21-33; 2004. Imaging Electrical Activity of the Heart

  15. Schematics of a Typical Optical Mapping System Imaging Electrical Activity of the Heart

  16. Mapping of Activation and Repolarization Imaging Electrical Activity of the Heart

  17. Magnetocardiographic Imaging Magnetocardiographs taken from the front and back of the heart.Using a special magnetic sensor called SQUID (8100 fT to severeal tens of pT is emitted from the heart)While clothed. http://www.hitachi.com/ICSFiles/afieldfile/2004/06/08/r2001_01_103.pdf Imaging Electrical Activity of the Heart

  18. Ischemic Heart Disease Example http://www.hitachi.com/ICSFiles/afieldfile/2004/06/08/r2001_01_103.pdf Imaging Electrical Activity of the Heart

  19. Magnetocardiographic 3-D Visualization of Heart Current Distribution Imaging Electrical Activity of the Heart

  20. References • Burnes, John, et al; "A Noninvasive Imaging Modality for Cardiac Arrhythmias"; Nature Medicine; n. 10; pp. 422-428; 2004. • Vahlhaus, Christian, et al; “Direct epicardial mapping predicts the recovery of left ventricular dysfunction in chronic ischaemic myocardium”; European Heart Journal; v. 25; n. 2; pp. 151-157; 2003. • Efimov, Igor, et al; "Optical Imaging of the Heart"; Circ. Res.; n.95; pp. 21-33; 2004. • http://butler.cc.tut.fi/~malmivuo/bem/bembook/06/ • http://www.comsol.com/stories/heart/ • http://www.math.utah.edu/~keener/lectures/maw/ • http://www.lib.utah.edu/gould/2000/lecture00.html • http://www.nature.com/nm/journal/v10/n4/abs/nm1011.html • http://www.metrohealthresearch.org/hvrcresearchelectrophys.html • http://www.hitachi.com/ICSFiles/afieldfile/2004/06/08/r2001_01_103.pdf Imaging Electrical Activity of the Heart

  21. Thank You... Imaging Electrical Activity of the Heart

More Related