Antarctic Journal: Four Months at the Bottom of the World

1. Antarctic Journal:Four Months at the Bottom of the World Written by Jennifer Owings Dewey Day 1Day 4 Day 2 Day 5 Day 3 Vocabulary Definitions Vocabulary Sentences Additional Resources

4. Study Skills • Genre:Journal • Comprehension Skill:Main Idea • Comprehension Strategy: Text Structure • Review Skill: Draw Conclusions • Vocabulary: Word Structure

5. Genre: Journal • A journal is a record of thoughts and events that are important to the writer. Think about what is important to Jennifer Owings Dewey as you read entries from the journal she kept in Antarctica.

6. Summary Jennifer Owings Dewey is given a wonderful opportunity—the chance to see Antarctica herself. During her four-month trip, Jennifer witnesses the life cycle of penguins, watches orca whales swim by her boat, experiences life without night, and narrowly escapes a deadly fall into a glacier crevasse.

7. Comprehension SkillMain Idea • A topicis what a piece of writing is about. • Themain ideais the most important idea about the topic. Think about theoverallidea of a paragraph, section, or article. • Themain ideaisoftenthefirstsentence of a passage or paragraph. • Supporting detailsgive small pieces of information about the main idea.

8. Day 1 - Question of the Week • What does a person sacrifice to explore the unknown?

9. Vocabulary - Say It • anticipation • continent • convergence • depart • forbidding • heaves • icebergs

10. More Words to Know • abundance • exposure • splendor • supply • survived • wily

11. Comprehension Strategy Text Structure • Good readers usetext structure, or the way text isorganized, to help them understand why they read. • For example, a non fiction article maycompare and contrasttwo things, put events insequence, or be aseriesof clear main ideas. • When youpreview, look for text feature such astitles,heads, andunderlinedwords to help you know what to expect.

13. Listen to the Story

14. Steps in a Process Telling the steps in a process means telling the order the steps needed to complete an action. Identifying the steps in a process helps you understand exactly what you need to do to complete a task. Look for clue words such as first, next, then, and last to help you identify and order steps in a process.

15. Comprehension Skill Review Draw Conclusions • A conclusion is a decision you reach after thinking about what you have read. • Good conclusions can be supported with facts and details from the story. Think about how the author feels about whales and how you know her feelings.

17. Main Idea and Details 1. Main Idea Scientist know much about the distant continent of Antarctica. 2. Detail They have explored the continent and walked upon its ice. 3. Detail They have discovered mountain ranges. 4. Detail They have mapped out the mountains. • Detail They have used special equipment to study hidden features of Antarctica under the ice.

18. Do you need a pasport to • travel to Antarctica. • 2. I don’t know if its easiest to go by ship or by plane.

19. How Do Adjectives Function? • Adjectives add specific information to noun forms: • Guys with slow cars want faster ones. • Adjectives tell us what kindof: • What kind of test is it going to be? • Is it a hard one or an easy one?

20. How Do Adverbs Function? • Adverbs tell us when, how or towhatdegree. • They modify verbs and adjectives: • Kalil drove quickly to college. • Rocio went rapidly past the police car. • Vera is very pretty. • Khan sees poorly without glasses.

21. Do All Adverbs End with -ly? • Fill in the blanks with the words: • soon • there • well • very • tomorrow • Is the professor __ upset? • The semester ends __. • We were __ in the afternoon. • The team played __ enough to win. • __ is the last day to enroll.

22. Here are the answers: • Fill in the blanks with the words: • soon • there • well • very • tomorrow • Is the professor very upset? • The semester ends soon. • We were there in the afternoon. • The team played wellenough to win. • Tomorrow is the last day to enroll.

23. How About Comparative Adjectives? • In the comparative, short, one syllable adjectives and adverbs add –er. • Chinese is tougher than English. • Maria studied harder than I did. • Gabriella looks better than her younger sister does. • Do you feel worse today than yesterday?

24. What About Longer Comparatives? • Adjectives and adverbs of more than one syllable become comparative by adding the word more. • My accident was more expensive than yours was. • Your car drives more smoothly than mine does. • Students are more comfortable writing on the computers.

25. What About Words Ending with -y? • Comparatives ending in –y become –ier. • Ana is happier than ever before. • Michelle seems funnier than her older brother does. • Your ink pen is messier than mine. • This joke is funnier than that one.

26. Can We Use Double Comparatives? • People sometimes use incorrect double comparatives. • McDonalds is more better than Burger King. • Express Avenue is more nosier than Solitude Lane.

27. Do Comparatives Use That or Than? • Some ESL writers use that instead of the proper than in comparatives. • The ESOL class in high school was easier (that, than) college ESL. • US football players are most often clumsier (that, than) soccer players. • No one knew (that, then) our class ended next month.

28. What Is Beyond Comparative? • Comparatives note differences between two things. • Superlatives make differences among three or more things. 1. Her bell is loud. • Our bell is louder. • Your bell is the loudest of all. • Superlatives indicate extremes: • Who was the meanest teacher that you ever had?

29. What About Longer Superlatives? • Superlatives of one syllable add –est. • Of the girls, her skin is the darkest. • Superlatives of two ormoresyllables add “most.” • Of all the students in this class, he is the most dependable.

30. When Can We Use the Superlative? • The superlative is used only for more than two things. Between red and blue, red is the (hotter, hottest) color. • This is the (funnier, funniest) picture of the two you have. • Of the three papers, this one is (a better, the better, the best).

31. Can We Use “Most” and -est? • Never combine most with –est. • Prince Charles did the (best, most best) thing that he could for her. • Everyone likes Adri because she has the (nicest, most nicest) smile and disposition.

32. Can You Use the Superlative? • Jose is the ___ person I know. • a. funny, b. funnier, c. funniest. • The champions won the ___ games. • a. many, b. most, c. more. • An orange is ___ a lemon. • a. sweet, b. sweeter, c. more sweet.

34. Spelling WordsLatin Roots • dictionary • abrupt • predict • import • locally • verdict • locate • portable • transport • bankrupt

35. Spelling WordsLatin Roots • dictate • location • erupt • passport • export • contradict • rupture • interrupt • disrupt • dislocate

36. CHALLENGE • vindictive • portfolio • jurisdiction • corruption • interruption

38. Day 2 - Question of the Day • What are some reasons to travel to Antarctica?

39. anticipation • act of anticipating; looking forward to; expectation

40. continent • one of the seven great masses of land on Earth. • Can you name the 7 continents?

41. convergence • act or process of meeting at a point; joining

42. depart • to go away; leave

43. forbidding • causing fear or dislike; looking dangerous or unpleasant; threatening

44. heaves • rises; rises and falls alternatively; hoist

45. icebergs • large masses of ice detached from glaciers and floating in the sea. About 90 percent of an iceberg’s mass is below the surface of the water.

46. abundance • quantity that is much more than enough

47. exposure • condition of being without protection; condition of being uncovered

48. splendor • magnificent show; glory

49. supply • quantity ready for use; stock

50. survived • continued to exist; remained alive