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The Structure of Research

Explore the fundamental components of research - from broad questions to conclusions - and how it unfolds through observation, analysis, and generalization. Delve into different types of questions science addresses, such as descriptive, relational, and causal inquiries.

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The Structure of Research

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  1. The Structure of Research

  2. The Structure of Research The "hourglass" notion of research Begin with broad questions narrow down, focus in. Operationalize. OBSERVE Analyze data. Reach conclusions. Generalize back to questions.

  3. The Structure of Research What kinds of questions does science address? What is the opinion of a group of people? How is their opinion related to other characteristics? What factors affect their opinions? Descriptive: Relational: Causal:

  4. The Structure of Research Major Components in the Process • The problem • The problem as conceptualized • The problem as experienced

  5. The Structure of Research Major components in the Process • The problem • The research question • The theory or idea • The hypothesis -- stated in operational terms

  6. The Structure of Research Major Components in the Process • The problem • The research question • The program (cause) • The program construct -- stated theoretically • The operationalized program

  7. The Structure of Research Major Components in the Process • The problem • The research question • The program (cause) • The units • The population • The sample

  8. The Structure of Research Major Components in the Process • The problem • The research question • The program (cause) • The units • The outcomes (effects) • The outcome construct(s) • The operationalized measures

  9. The Structure of Research Major Components in the Process • The problem • The research question • The program (cause) • The units • The outcomes (effects) • The design • Who gets the program

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