Kids Keeping Manure Out of Our Water

1. Kids Keeping Manure Out of Our Water Teaching youth about the impacts of manure and proper management planning as required by PA law. Supported by the PA DEP Environmental Education Grants Program

2. Penn State Extension Lancaster County Conservation District Manheim Central Ag-Ed Program PA DEP Environmental Education Grants Program Project Partners

3. Why Regulations? • What’s at Stake? • Who’s Affected? • What to Do?

4. WHY? What’s the Concern? WATER QUALITY • Sediments • Nutrients

5. Sediment Never Travels Alone…

6. What contaminants can travel to surface and ground water ? • Manure applications: • Pathogens and nutrients (Nitrogen & Phosphorus)can leach or be transported to surface and ground waters. • All affect water quality

7. The Scoop on Poop … In one year: • PA produces 26,000,000 tons of manure (not including equine) • A horse produces 20,000 lbs. of manure • A dairy cow produces 2,500 gallons of milk and 6,000gallons of manure • A pig gains 250 lbs. in 5 months and produces 2,000lbs. of manure

8. Nutrients: Nitrogen • Nitrogen from manure both leaches and runs off • Soluble: Dissolves easily • Very dynamic and mobile • Can leach into ground water • Presents a human health and livestock risk when present in drinking water

9. Nutrients:Phosphorus • P enters surface waters primarily through EROSION, but can leach too • Excess nutrients (especially phosphorous) cause algae to bloom and can lead to eutrophication

11. Chesapeake Bay Watershed

13. Westmoreland County Bucks County • Over 7,000 impaired waters in the state Clarion County

14. What is being done? Agencies are implementing stronger regulationsand accountability programs to control agricultural runoff. In the past, the emphasis was on larger operations, new initiatives will include smaller operations, including hobby farms and equine (large number of high density horse operations in all states)

15. Year One Farm inspections (July 2016 – June 2017) http://files.dep.state.pa.us/Water/ChesapeakeBayOffice/FINAL_CBAIP_Annual%20Summary_June.17.pdf

16. WHO is Regulated? • All Animal Operations (AOs) • All operations generating/utilizing manure • Regulated by PA DEP (25 Pa Code Chapter 91 of the PA Clean Streams Law ) AOs (40,000+) CAOs (1,050+) CAFOs (365+)

17. What are the Regulations? AO – Produce/use manure Manure Management Plan State Manure Management Plan and Conservation Plan / Erosion and Sediment Control Plan AO- with an animal concentration area Concentrated Animal Operation (CAO) - over 8 AEUs and 2,000 lbs animal per acre Nutrient Management Plan Conservation Plan (Erosion) Concentrated Animal Feeding Operation (CAFO) - animals confined to houses and/or feedlots and exceeds PA DEP animal group thresholds Nutrient Management Plan Federal Conservation Plan (Erosion) CAFO permit

19. DEP Nutrient/Manure Management Regulations • All farms generating/using manure musthave a Manure (or Nutrient) Management Plan Manure Management Plan Summary (http://extension.psu.edu/plants/nutrient-management) • Written plan (workbook provided) and include farm maps • Can be written by farmer or other non-certified individual • No submission and no approval required • Kept on site • May be required to produce the plan upon request • Must keep records

20. Animal Concentration Areas

21. Unacceptable Pasture Acceptable

22. Pasture or ACA?

23. Preventing Leachate Leaching into groundwater Runoff to surface water

24. Vegetated Treatment Area

25. Has anyone ever asked you to show an official manure management plan (or nutrient management plan) as part of a farm inspection? Have Youth Ag Program Been Effected?

26. How We Are Responding • DEP Environmental Education Grant • New Youth Manure Management Curriculum • (to be completed by June 30, 2019) • Hands-on Activities in Addition to Plan Writing • Regional Youth Workshops Winter-Spring 2019 • Educator Trainings (at 2018 PAAE Conference, 2019 4-H Leaders Forum, 2018 Dive Deeper Summit)

27. Here’s the Scoop Reflection Box Dig Deeper Career Connections

28. Chapter 1. The Science of Manure Chapter 2. Best Recipe for Manure & Soil Chapter 3. Plants Utilizing Nutrients Chapter 4. Manure Stacking Chapter 5. Mapping the Land Chapter 6. Being Water Wise With Manure Chapter 7. Manure for All Seasons Chapter 8. Manure Management Plans Chapter 9. Putting Your Plan Into Action

29. Use Activities From the Curriculum to Help Raise Awareness Engage smaller/hobby farms in your watershed activities Champion farms in your watershed that are doing good things for water Provide educational resources about nutrient management at your events What Can You Do?

30. Help? Agencies That Can Help • Natural Resource Conservation Service • County Conservation Districts • Department of Environmental Protection • Penn State Extension • State Conservation Commission

31. Questions & Ideas for Engagement

32. Portions of this presentation were prepared by Donna L. Foulk – Penn State Extension The Pennsylvania State University is committed to the policy that all persons shall have equal access to programs, facilities, admission, and employment without regard to personal characteristics not related to ability, performance, or qualifications as determined by University policy or by state or federal authorities. It is the policy of the University to maintain an academic and work environment free of discrimination, including harassment. The Pennsylvania State University prohibits discrimination and harassment against any person because of age, ancestry, color, disability or handicap, national origin, race, religious creed, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity, or veteran status. Discrimination or harassment against faculty, staff, or students will not be tolerated at The Pennsylvania State University. Direct all inquiries regarding the nondiscrimination policy to the Affirmative Action Director, The Pennsylvania State University, 328 Boucke Building, University Park, PA 16802-5901; Tel 814-865-4700/V, 814-863-1150/TTY This publication is available in alternative media on request.