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DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF VEHICLE MOUNTED AIR TURBINE USING SOLIDWORKS

DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF VEHICLE MOUNTED AIR TURBINE USING SOLIDWORKS. SUBMITTED BY: M.JAYAVEL - 80106114038 S. PULITHEVAN - 80106114040 B.RAJAGOPALAN - 80106114046 S.SASIKUMAR - 80106114307 PROJECT GUIDE : Mr. S. MURALI, M.E., (Ph.D.,) PROFESSOR. CONTENTS.

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DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF VEHICLE MOUNTED AIR TURBINE USING SOLIDWORKS

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  1. DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF VEHICLE MOUNTED AIR TURBINE USING SOLIDWORKS SUBMITTED BY: M.JAYAVEL - 80106114038 S. PULITHEVAN - 80106114040 B.RAJAGOPALAN - 80106114046 S.SASIKUMAR - 80106114307 PROJECT GUIDE: Mr. S. MURALI, M.E., (Ph.D.,) PROFESSOR

  2. CONTENTS • OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT • DESCRIPTION OF THE PROBLEM • METHODOLOGY • PART FILE CREATION • ASSEMBLY DRAWING • FEA IN SOLIDWORKS • FLOW ANALYSIS • FLOW TRAJETORY • FLOW SIMULATION RESULTS • POWER EXTRACTED FROM WIND • NET POWER EXTRACTED • FINDINGS • RESULT

  3. OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT • To capture the opposing air and convert its into power while vehicle is in running. • To design the system which extracts the energy without affecting the vehicle performance as much.

  4. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROBLEM • To avoid prototyping of the model the design is evaluated in SolidWorks software. • To find the exact environmental condition of the model the design is analyzed using SolidWorks Flow Simulation.

  5. METHODOLOGY • The conceptual design problem is evaluated using SolidWorks professional 2009. • The part files are created and assembled Into model. • Then the model is analyzed with SolidWorks Flow Simulation to find out the maximum and minimum velocity conditions. • The result is studied; finally the power extract from the air is correlated.

  6. MATERIAL SELECTION • AISI 1020 is a Standard grade Carbon Steel. • It is composed of (in weight percentage) 0.18-0.23% Carbon (C), 0.30-0.60% Manganese (Mn), 0.04% Phosphorus (P), 0.05% Sulfur (S), and the base metal Iron (Fe).

  7. PART FILE CREATION • The part files are created using the following features. • They are extrusion, revolve, sweep, loft, thickening of a surface, or a sheet metal flange, chamfers, fillets, shells etc.,

  8. ROTOR SELECTION • There are two types of radial blades Forward-curved, Backward-curved. • The backward curvature mimics that of an airfoil cross section and provides good operating efficiency with relatively economical construction techniques. • Hence backward-curved rotor is suitable for our project.

  9. ROTOR DESIGNIt has 8 blades with central hub. This central hub eliminates the cyclic load variation

  10. CASING SELECTION • There are two types of casing, namely circular and spiral. • From various literature survey, it is seen that the efficiency of circular casing is higher than that of the spiral casing in all flow rate and efficiency is 7% higher than that of spiral casing.It also suitable for backward curved rotor. • Hence we select the circular casing.

  11. PART SPECIFICATIONS • CASING Radius = 125 mm Clearance = 36 mm Inlet & outlet: rectangular duct 200mm x 100mm ROTOR Blade thickness = 5mm Number of blades = 8 Hub Width = 150mm

  12. ASSEMBLY DRAWING

  13. FEA IN SOLIDWORKS • Finite Element Analysis (FEA) provides a reliable numerical technique for analyzing engineering designs. The process starts with the creation of a geometric model. • Then, the program subdivides the model into small pieces of simple shapes (elements) connected at common points (nodes). • Finite element analysis programs look at the model as a network of discrete interconnected elements.

  14. ELEMENT TYPES Solid Mesh • The SolidWorks program creates a solid mesh with tetrahedral 3D solid elements for all solid components in the Parts folder. • Tetrahedral elements are suitable for bulky objects.

  15. Shell Mesh • The program automatically creates a shell mesh for sheet-metals with uniform thicknesses (except drop test study) and surface geometries. • For sheet metals the mesh is automatically created at the mid-surface

  16. The program extracts the shell thickness from the thickness of the sheet metal. The diagram shows the typical shell element.

  17. DEVELOPMENT OF ELEMENT Two elements are created on the side of the meshed face with the thickness of t/2(t is thickness of sheet metal). Hence the element is added on the three nodes according to the model.

  18. MESHING • Meshing is a very crucial step in design analysis. • But here the automatic mesher in the software generates a mesh based on a global element size, tolerance, and local mesh control specifications.

  19. MESHER TYPE • Standard mesh. Activates the Voronoi-Delaunay meshing scheme for subsequent meshing operations. This mesher is faster than the curvature- based mesher and should be used in most cases. • Curvature based mesh. Activates the Curvature-based meshing scheme for subsequent meshing operations. The mesher creates more elements in higher-curvature areas automatically.

  20. FLOW ANALYSIS • SolidWorks Flow Simulation is a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) solution for Flow Analysis and Simulation. • SolidWorks combines a high level of functionality and accuracy with ease-of-use. • It is perfect for the engineer who needs flow analysis, but is not necessarily an expert in the field of fluid simulation.

  21. PREPARING MODEL FOR ANALYSIS • transparent the model so that we see the flow trajectories when during results. • The model should have, only one inlet and only one outlet. • Enclose the inlet and outlet openings with lids which must be solid features, such as extrudes.

  22. Inlet & outlet is covered by a lid and the top portion is adjusted to view the inner parts.

  23. Model is enclosed by two lids in inlet & outlet, transparency is adjusted.

  24. INLET & OUTLET red head arrow -inlet blue head arrow - outlet

  25. SIMULATION SOLVER

  26. MESHING

  27. SHELL MESH

  28. VARIATION IN MESH

  29. MIN/MAX TABLE

  30. FLOW TRAJECTORY

  31. TRAJECTORY CROSS SECTION

  32. TRAJECTORY ON THE MODEL

  33. CUT PLOTFlow around the model shows the velocity 75-230m/s effectively strike the rotor blades.

  34. CELLS IN THE REGION • Each node in a solid element has three degrees of freedom that represent the translations in three orthogonal directions. • The software uses the X, Y, and Z directions of the global Cartesian coordinate system in formulating the problem. For X(m) = -0.038666093, Y(m) = -0.107836062 Z(m) =0.016536792 Cell volume [m³] is 1.00466E-06

  35. INPUT DATA Basic Mesh Dimensions • Number of cells in X 20;Xmax= 0.175397 Xmin = -0.222872 • Number of cells in Y 12;Ymax= 0.123246 Ymin = -0.123246 • Number of cells in Z 10;Zmax= 0.198196 Zmin = 0.001804

  36. Physical Features • Flow type: Laminar and turbulent • Default wall conditions: Adiabatic wall • Initial Conditions: Thermodynamic parameters Static Pressure: 101325 Pa Temperature: 293.2 K

  37. Boundary Conditions • Inlet Volume Flow 1 Coordinate system: Global coordinate system Reference axis : X • Flow vectors direction: Normal to face, Volume flow rate normal to face: 5 m³/s. Environment pressure: 101325 Pa

  38. FLOW SIMULATION RESULTS • Basic Mesh Dimensions • Number of cells in X:20 • Number of cells in Y:12 • Number of cells in Z:10 • Number Of Cells • Total cells:13964 • Fluid cells:7598

  39. Min/Max Table

  40. DYNAMIC VISCOCITY Vs TEMPERATURE CHART

  41. SPECIFIC HEAT Vs TEMPERATURE CHART

  42. OPTIMUM VELOCITY • From the analysis it clearly says the model withstand a maximum velocity of 383.16 m/s. • But for calculation we have to select the desired velocity as 13.85m/s, when the vehicle at 50km/hr .

  43. POWER AVAILABLE IN THE WIND • P = 0.5*A* ρ *v³ A = swept area = ∏*D² ρ = air density v = velocity of the air D = dia of the rotor A = ∏*(48²) =7238.23mm² ρ = 1.025 kg/m³ v = 13.85 m/s • P = 0.5*0.007238 *1.225*13.85³ = 11.78 watts.

  44. POWER EXTRACTED • W = (ρAV³)/2 Watts • A is the area of the turbine = (πD²)/4 = ∏*(0.048²)/4 = 0.0018m² • W = (1.205*0.0018*13.85³)/ (2) = 2.88 watts if we consider the efficiency of generator is 80% then the net power extracted

  45. DRAG COEFFICIENT • The force exerted on a body moving in a medium like air or water is called drag force. • When the model is fixed in a vehicle the performance is affected due to drag. • The drag coefficient is always associated with a particular surface area. • It does not depends on the type of material used.

  46. VALUES OF DRAG COEFFICIENT

  47. POWER REQUIRED TO OVERCOME THE DRAG FORCE • P = (ρ*V³*A*C)/2 A = front area of the model =61450.745 mm² drag coefficient C=0.1 • P = (1.025*13.85³*61450.745e-9 *0.1)/2 = 0.0087 ~ 0.01 watts

  48. NET POWER EXTRACTED • P net = 2.88-0.01 = 2.87 watts. • If we consider the efficiency of the power generator is 80% then the power extracted is 2.3 watts.

  49. FINDINGS • The design is desired to couple with the power generator directly without any step up or step down device. Hence the loss is less. • The power required to overcome the drag is about few watts. If we fit more air turbine in a vehicle we will extract more amount of energy.

  50. RESULTS • The design and analysis show that the conceptual design of our project can withstand the maximum velocity of 383.16 m/s. • IfConsider when a vehicle moving 50 km/hr the available flow is nearly 15 m/s. For this factor the net power extracted is 2.3 watts.

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