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The Spirit of Independence

The Spirit of Independence. Lesson 1 No Taxation Without Representation. Objectives. Explain the Proclamation of 1763. Analyze why Britain began to enact harsher trade laws and taxes. Understand cause and effect relationships as they relate to reaction of the colonists.

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The Spirit of Independence

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  1. The Spirit of Independence Lesson 1 No Taxation Without Representation

  2. Objectives • Explain the Proclamation of 1763. • Analyze why Britain began to enact harsher trade laws and taxes. • Understand cause and effect relationships as they relate to reaction of the colonists. • Indentify those individuals and groups that began to rebel against British policy.

  3. Vocabulary • Revenue – incoming money from taxes or other sources • Writ of assistance – court document allowing customs officers to enter any location to search for smuggled goods • Resolution – an official expression of opinion by a group • Effigy – a mocking figure representing an unpopular individual • Boycott – to refuse to buy items in order to show disapproval or force acceptance of one’s terms • Repeal – to cancel an act or law

  4. Proclamation of 1763 • King George III issued the Proclamation of 1763 • It prohibited colonists from living west of the Appalachian Mountains, on Native American land • Kept peace between colonists and Native Americans • Britain now controlled the fur trade in North America • King George III sent 10,000 troops to the colonies to enforce the Proclamation of 1763

  5. Enforcing Trade Laws • The king and Parliament felt the colonists should pay for part of the French and Indian War • Britain began issuing new taxes on the colonies • To avoid paying the taxes, colonists began smuggling which led to British revenues to fall

  6. The Sugar Act 1764 • Lowered the tax on molasses the colonists imported hoping they would stop smuggling • Also allowed officers to seize goods from accused smugglers without going to court • Angered colonists; felt it violated their rights • Under British rule they had a right to a trial by jury and were considered innocent until proven guilty • "Smugglin' Sugar“

  7. Stamp Act of 1765 • Taxed almost all printed materials • Newspapers, wills, and even playing cards needed a stamp to show that the tax had been paid • Colonists were outraged; began to boycott British goods • British lost so much money and colonists demanded they repeal the Stamp Act

  8. The Townshend Acts 1767 • The Stamp Act taught the British the colonists would resist paying Britain internal taxes • Townshend Acts taxed imported goods such as glass, tea, and paper • The tax was paid before it was brought into the colonies • Any tax angered the colonists; more protests continued

  9. Review 1. Explain the Proclamation of 1763. 2. How are the Stamp Act and Sugar Act similar? How are they different? 3. Why do you think Samuel Adams and others formed the “Sons of Liberty” instead of just acting alone to express their anger at the British policies? 4. How was the Townshend Act different from the Stamp Act and Sugar Act?

  10. Close and Reflect • Which changes in British policy would have angered you the most if you had lived in the colonies at that time?

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