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Understanding Geometric Isomerism in Chemistry

Explore the concept of geometric isomerism with examples like cis-but-2-ene and trans-but-2-ene. Learn how different structures lead to unique properties. Discover the relationship between compounds like nerol, geraniol, and linalool.

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Understanding Geometric Isomerism in Chemistry

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  1. Chemical Ideas 3.5 Geometric Isomerism (different geometries)

  2. Isomerism Structural isomerism Stereoisomerism Geometric isomerism Optical isomerism Types of isomerism

  3. Build these models trans but-2-ene Cis but-2-ene

  4. Two isomers are not interchangeable. • Carbon 2 & 3 joined by double bond. • No free rotation. • Bonds would have to be broken and reformed. • +270 kJ mol-1 energy needed to break this bond. • Insufficient energy available at room temperature.

  5. Cis but-2-ene cis... • Different names needed to identify isomers. • Substituent groups on the same side of double bond. • Cis but-2-ene

  6. trans but-2-ene ...and trans. • “trans” means other side or cross over e.g. trans Atlantic, transplant, trans…..! • Substituents on opposite sides of double bond.

  7. Different compounds- different properties.

  8. Time to think and apply what we have learned! • How are the structures of nerol and geraniol related? • How many moles of H2 would be needed to saturate one mole of geraniol? • How are nerol and geraniol related to citronellol? • How are the structures of nerol and geraniol related to linalool?

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