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Relativistic Surface High Harmonic Generation

This study delves into high harmonic generation in gases using PIC simulations and high contrast laser pulses, yielding intense attosecond pulses. The research uncovers the potential for generating extremely short pulses at relativistic intensities on plasma mirrors. The experimental setup at ARCTURUS utilizes XUV spectrometry to observe spectral modulations originating from unequal temporal spacing within the attosecond pulse train, indicative of the underlying attosecond time structure. These findings offer a promising outlook for advancing attosecond science and time-resolved studies.

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Relativistic Surface High Harmonic Generation

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  1. Relativistic Surface High Harmonic Generation Christian Rödel, Silvio Fuchs, Martin Heyer, Oliver Jäckel, Gerhard G. Paulus FSU Jena, Institut für Optik und Quantenelektronik, Helmholtz Institut Jena Michael Behmke, Toma Toncian, Dirk Hemmers, Mirela Cercez, Monika Toncian, Georg Pretzler, Oswald Willi HHU Düsseldorf, Institut für Laser- und Plasmaphysik Daniel an der Brügge, Alexander Pukhov HHU Düsseldorf, Institut für Theoretische Physik A route to intense attosecond pulses ?

  2. Attosecond science - Introduction Hentschel et al.: Attosecond metrology, Nature 2007 shortest attosecond pulses: 80 as E. Goulielmakis et al. Science, 320, 1614 (2008)

  3. High harmonic generation in gases • 3-step model: (a) ionization, (b,c) motion of the free electron in the laser field, (d) recollision Corkum, Krausz: Attosecond science, Nature 2007

  4. High Harmonic Spectra Agostini, DiMauro: The physics of attosecond light pulses, Reports on Progress in Physics • HHG spectrum in Neon, 50 fs, 1014 W/cm²

  5. But… … laser pulses were getting stronger Small-scale 10-100 TW laser systems, Ti:Sapphire 800nm, 10 Hz JETI laser @ IOQ: 27 fs, 800mJ ARCTURUS laser @ ILPP: 27 fs, 2.5 J 30% of laser energy in a 7µm2 focus I=1020 W/cm2

  6. What happens at an ideal surface at Relativistic intensity ? Corkum, Krausz: Attosecond science, Nature 2007

  7. Relativistic surface High harmonic generation • PIC simulation with LPIC • JETI laser parameters: a0=4.5, t=80fs, 45° p-pol incidence lambda/20 scale length • oscillating plasma vacuum boundary

  8. Relativistic surface High harmonic generation intensity harmonic number

  9. Steep density gradient – high contrast laser pulses

  10. High contrast laser pulses – plasma mirror

  11. High contrast laser pulses -Plasma mirror

  12. High contrast laser pulses -Plasma mirror

  13. High contrast laser pulses -scale length

  14. Experimental setup@ arcturus

  15. Diagnostics -XUV Spectrometer

  16. Experimental spectrawith different contrast

  17. Experimental spectrawith different contrast

  18. Where does the modulation come from? space / wavelength

  19. Where does the modulation come from? space / wavelength

  20. … Unequal temporal spacing of the attosecond pulse train ? sdf superposition of attosecond pulses emitted at times tk with assumed identical shape spectrum is given by the absolute square of the Fourier transform plasma surface motion can be approximated by a simple parabola, which corresponds to a linear chirp with emission times

  21. … Unequal temporal spacing of the attosecond pulse train

  22. … Unequal temporal spacing of the attosecond pulse train… … describes the spectral modulations indirect evidence of attosecond time structure of relativistic surface harmonics !!! And just as a outlook …

  23. … according to the same Pic simulations ... … they are very short (100as)

  24. Thank you for your attention

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