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The road to extinction. Vulnerable ? Endangered ? Critically ? ? ?. . The road to extinction. Vulnerable ? Endangered ? Critically ? ? ?. Fig. 16.1 A,B. . The road to extinction. Vulnerable ? Endangered ? Critically ? ? ?. . threatened freshwater fish. Fig. 16.1 C. The road to ex
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1. Biogeography and the Geography of Extinctions Chapter 16
2. The road to extinction
Vulnerable ?
Endangered ?
Critically ? ?
?
3. The road to extinction Vulnerable ? Endangered ?
Critically ? ? ?
4. The road to extinction Vulnerable ? Endangered ?
Critically ? ? ?
5. The road to extinction Vulnerable ? Endangered ?
Critically ? ? ?
6. The Linnaean shortfall number species ? vs. number species ?
7. The Linnaean shortfall number species vs. taxonomists
8. Centinelan extinctions species that go ? before being ?
9. Human dominance and exploitation of Earth’s life support systems challenges to Earth’s biodiversity
10. Can we use biogeography to recognize areas that are particularly important for sustaining Biodiversity?
11. Geographic variation in Biodiversity some important general patterns:
? in species diversity towards ?
12. Geographic variation in Biodiversity some important general patterns:
Island effect (any isolated system):
* Diversity ? with area
* Diversity ? with isolation
13. Geographic variation in Biodiversity some important general patterns:
3. Endemicity higher in ? and more ? regions
14. Biodiversity Hotspots two perspectives:
1. geographic co-occurrence of many ?
15. Biodiversity Hotspots two perspectives:
2. region with many local ?*
* restricted area species
16. Is the Distribution of Biodiversity Hotspots Predictable? 1. endemic bird areas parallel the ? gradient
17. Is the Distribution of Biodiversity Hotspots Predictable? 2. endemic bird areas common on ?
18. Do Biodiversity Hotspots overlap in different taxa? If they do, then protecting a region will protect many restricted-area species
19. Do Biodiversity Hotspots overlap in different taxa? Central American birds, herps, and butterflies
20. Do Biodiversity Hotspots overlap in different taxa? African birds,
amphibians,
mammals,
plants
21. fish
22. lobsters
23. The Geography of Extinctions
24. The Geography of Extinctions
25. The Geography of Extinctions
26. The Geography of Extinctions
27. Historical Extinctions vs. Current Threats Hunting, collecting, etc.
Habitat destruction
Introduced species
Other causes
28. Historical Extinctions vs. Current Threats Birds
29. Mammals Historical Extinctions vs. Current Threats
30. Mollusks Historical Extinctions vs. Current Threats
31. Animals Historical Extinctions vs. Current Threats
32. The Geography of Introduced Species native vs.
introduced plants
33. The Geography of Introduced Species native vs.
introduced plants
34. Hawaiian endemic vs. introduced
35. New Zealand native vs. introduced
36. Introduced species: Do they matter? effect of introduced ? on island ?
37. Introduced species: Do they matter? effect of introduced
? on
island ?
38. Habitat loss andHabitat fragmentation Continuous and larger habitats
Isolated and smaller habitats
39. Habitat loss andHabitat fragmentation how much has been
lost and fragmented?
continental scale
United States
41. Habitat loss andHabitat fragmentation
42. Habitat loss andHabitat fragmentation predicted changes:
Stage 1.
Initial ? of species
restricted-range species most vulnerable
43. Habitat loss andHabitat fragmentation predicted changes:
Stage 2.
Extirpation from ?
big species go first
44. Habitat loss andHabitat fragmentation predicted changes:
Stage 3.
Perils with ?
genetic ? ?
demographic ? ?
45. Habitat loss andHabitat fragmentation predicted changes:
Stage 4.
Isolation
local ? without colonization
46. Biogeography of Global Climate Change greenhouse gasses and average global temperature
47. Biogeography of Global Climate Change Range shifting
48. Biogeography of Global Climate Change Extinction