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Tourette’s Syndrome

Tourette’s Syndrome. By Ian Williams. Causes and Transmission. The cause is unknown Believed to be caused by abnormalities in certain brain regions (including the basal ganglia, frontal lobes, and cortex) Believed to be transmitted genetically, but not confirmed. Target Population.

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Tourette’s Syndrome

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  1. Tourette’s Syndrome By Ian Williams

  2. Causes and Transmission • The cause is unknown • Believed to be caused by abnormalities in certain brain regions (including the basal ganglia, frontal lobes, and cortex) • Believed to be transmitted genetically, but not confirmed

  3. Target Population • Tourettes can be found among all people • There are no ethnic or racial boundaries • Men are three to four times more likely to have Tourettes • Generally presents in young children, under 18

  4. How? Where? • Affects basal ganglia, frontal lobes, and cortex • Also affects the neurotransmitters of these regions • Affects the dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine responsible for communication among nerves

  5. Symptoms • Tics • Vocalizations • Coprolalia (Less than 15%) • Echolalia

  6. Prognosis • Anyone with Tourettes will live a normal life • There are no negative effects on the lifespan • One well known person who had and died Tourettes was the “Tourettes Guy” • He died of a car crash however

  7. Cure or Treatment • No known cure • Few treatments for tics • Antiseizure medications • Clonidine (Blood Pressure medication) • Botulinum toxin injections (can control some motor tics) • Dopamine blockers (can help control or reduce tics, but they have side effects)

  8. Notable Case • Brad Cohen • Teacher with vocal and muscle tics • Was turned down as a teacher multiple times • Was awarded the Sallie Mae First Class Teacher of the Year in 1997

  9. Organizations • National Tourettes Syndrome Association • http://tsa-usa.org/

  10. Sources • "Gilles de la Tourette syndrome - PubMed Health." National Center for Biotechnology Information. N.p., n.d. Web. 5 Mar. 2013. <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001744/>. • "Tourette Syndrome Fact Sheet: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)." National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS). N.p., n.d. Web. 5 Mar. 2013. <http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/tourette/detail_tourette.htm#220493231>. • "Tourette syndrome - Genetics Home Reference." Genetics Home Reference - Your guide to understanding genetic conditions. N.p., n.d. Web. 5 Mar. 2013. <http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/tourette-syndrome>. • "What is Tourette Syndrome Descrip History." TSA Home Page. N.p., n.d. Web. 5 Mar. 2013. <http://tsa-usa.org/aMedical/whatists.html>.

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