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Synthesis of artificial tissue: A nanofiber-based biomimetic approach

Synthesis of artificial tissue: A nanofiber-based biomimetic approach. Rajesh Vasita Graduate Student Dept. of BSBE, IIT Kanpur. Overview. Mimetics from Human Mimetics for human tissue engineering Mimetics for cartilage tissue Our approach. Mimetics from Humans. Robots Biosensors

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Synthesis of artificial tissue: A nanofiber-based biomimetic approach

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  1. Synthesis of artificial tissue: A nanofiber-based biomimetic approach Rajesh Vasita Graduate Student Dept. of BSBE, IIT Kanpur

  2. Overview • Mimetics from Human • Mimetics for human tissue engineering • Mimetics for cartilage tissue • Our approach

  3. Mimetics from Humans • Robots • Biosensors • Biomedical devices: Pacemaker, Hemodialysis • Engineering of tissue • Tissue hierarchy • Concept of tissue engineering

  4. Hierarchical organization of human systems Cells Tissue Organ Organ System

  5. Extra Cellular Matrix (ECM) Concept of Tissue Engineering CELLS • CELLS • Cell culture techniques • ADHESIVE PROTEINS • Three dimensionalSCAFFOLD which can mimic natural ECM

  6. Katti, Directions, 2005

  7. Examples of tissue engineering Heart valve Urinary Bladder Artificial Skin

  8. Cartilage Brighton CT edt. Clinical orthopaedics and related research, 2001

  9. Microstructure of collagen fiber

  10. Mimetics of cartilage tissue Physical mimetics Chemical mimetics Biological mimetics • Protein • Protein delivery • Cell behavior • Size • Alignment • Architecture • Matching chemical content (chitosan and collagen) • Manipulating chemical composition

  11. Physical Mimetics Shape & Size mimetics Alignment Architecture Synthesis of aligned and random nanofiber by electrospinning Hierarchical arrangement of nanofibers

  12. NH2 NH2 NH2 COOH COOH COOH Chemical Mimetics Matching chemical content (chitosan and collagen) Manipulating chemical composition Surface mimetics Modification of surface chemistry Poly (lactic acid) (PLA)Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) • Polymer Blend for Improved protein affinity • PLGA/PLA-PEG • PLGA/PEG-PPG-PEG

  13. Surface Energy Measurement

  14. NH2 NH2 NH2 COOH COOH COOH Chemical Mimetics • Surface Functionality • Grafting of –COOH group (Hydrolysis) • NaOH • Grafting of –NH2 (Aminolysis) • Ethylenediamine(ED) • N-Aminoethyl-1,3-propanediamine(AEPDA) PLGA

  15. 0.01N NaOH 1min 0.01N NaOH 5min 0.01N NaOH 10min NaOH treatment of PLGA and quantification of Carboxylic group Toluidine absorbance assay

  16. 1 minute 5 minute 10 minute Ethylenediamine(ED) 0.01 M N-Aminoethyl-1,3-propanediamine (AEPDA)

  17. Biological Mimetics Protein adsorption (Adhesive protein) Adhesive capability of nanofibrous scaffold Stability and orientation of protein after adsorption Protein delivery Another approach for delivering proteins during tissue engineering Cell behavior

  18. Release studies of adsorbed protein fromPLGA blended with PEG-PPG-PEG

  19. Functional Tissue COOH COOH COOH Cells NH2 NH2 NH2 NH2 Adhesive Proteins Functionalized Nanofiber Nanofibrous Scaffold Conclusion • Physical, Chemical and Biological mimicking enable various tissue engineering application. • Tissue engineering holds the promise to develop powerful new therapies "biological substitutes" for structural and functional disorders of human health that have proven difficult or impossible to address successfully with the existing tools of medicine.

  20. Acknowledgment • Dr. Dhirendra S. Katti (Thesis supervisor) • Counsil of scientific and Industrial Research, Govt. of India • Department of Biotechnology, Govt. of India • Department of BSBE, IIT Kanpur

  21. THANKS

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