CIVIL SOCIETY AND THE NEW GOVERNANCE Lester M. Salamon UN DPI/NGO CONFERENCE September 6, 2006

1. The Johns Hopkins Center for Civil Society Studies CIVIL SOCIETY AND THE NEW GOVERNANCELester M. SalamonUN DPI/NGO CONFERENCESeptember 6, 2006

2. A revolution in the technology of public action Proliferation of new tools The New Governance The Johns Hopkins Center for Civil Society Studies Lester M. Salamon, The Tools of Government: A Guide to the New Governance (New York: Oxford University Press, 2002)

3. Direct government The Johns Hopkins Center for Civil Society Studies The New Governance ILLUSTRATIVE TOOLS • Contracts • Grants • Direct loans • Loan guarantees • Economic regulation • Social regulation • Insurance • Corrective fees Lester M. Salamon, The Tools of Government: A Guide to the New Governance (New York: Oxford University Press, 2002)

4. Common Feature: Use of “Third Parties” The Johns Hopkins Center for Civil Society Studies The New Governance RISE OF THIRD-PARTY GOVERNMENT • Sharing of Discretionary Authority • “Deconstruction” of Public Action Lester M. Salamon, The Tools of Government: A Guide to the New Governance (New York: Oxford University Press, 2002)

5. The Johns Hopkins Center for Civil Society Studies Public Private Public (1)National (2)State/local Private (1) Nonprofit (2) For-profit The New Governance PATTERNS OF PUBLIC PROBLEM-SOLVING FINANCE DELIVERY A C B D Lester M. Salamon, The Tools of Government: A Guide to the New Governance (New York: Oxford University Press, 2002)

6. C C C The Johns Hopkins Center for Civil Society Studies Challenges for Civil Society: onsciousness onscientiousness ompetence

7. The Johns Hopkins Comparative Nonprofit Sector Project C N P

8. The Johns Hopkins Comparative Nonprofit Sector Project Project Countries Denmark Norway Belgium The Netherlands Finland Switzerland UnitedKingdom Denmark France Czech Republic Sweden Austria Italy Germany Poland UnitedStates Romania Russia Slovakia Canada Ireland Hungary Mexico Spain Japan Portugal Egypt Korea Morocco Lebanon The Philippines Venezuela Israel Ghana India Colombia Kenya Thailand Pakistan Tanzania Brazil Uganda Argentina SouthAfrica Chile New Zealand Peru Australia

9. The Johns Hopkins Comparative Nonprofit Sector Project Global Civil Society, Volume Two Order Information: Kumarian Press, http://www.kpbooks.com/

10. The Johns Hopkins Comparative Nonprofit Sector Project Civil Society Organization Workforce in context, 40 countries

11. The Johns Hopkins Comparative Nonprofit Sector Project Civil Society Organizations 48 million Largest Private Companies 4 million Employment in Civil Society Organizations vs. Largest firms

12. The Johns Hopkins Comparative Nonprofit Sector Project Country GDP (trillion $) United States $11.7 Japan 4.6 Germany 2.7 United Kingdom 2.1 Civil Society Land Expenditures (40 Countries) 1.9* France 1.9 China 1.7 Italy 1.2 Canada 1.0 Spain 1.0 0.6 Brazil 0.6 Russia * In 2004 U.S. Dollars Source of GDP Figures: World Bank If the civil society sector were a country...

13. The Johns Hopkins Comparative Nonprofit Sector Project CSO workforce as a share of the economically active population, by country

14. The Johns Hopkins Comparative Nonprofit Sector Project CSO workforce as a share of the economically active population, by country

15. The Johns Hopkins Center for Civil Society Studies

16. Developing and Transitional Countries Developed Countries The Johns Hopkins Center for Civil Society Studies U.N. NPI HANDBOOK COMMITTED IMPLEMENTERS Central Europe Czech Republic Slovakia Europe Belgium Italy France North America Canada United States Latin America Argentina Brazil Peru Asia Australia Japan Korea New Zealand Asia Kyrgyzstan India Philippines Other Israel Africa and Middle East Cameroon Ghana Mali Kenya Morocco South Africa Uganda Zimbabwe

17. The Johns Hopkins Center for Civil Society Studies 7.9% % of GDP Volunteers NPIs 6.1% 5.1% 2.3% 1.5% 1.4% Retail Trade Mining, oil & gas extractions Nonprofit sector Accommodations & food services Agriculture Value Added as % of GDP, NPIs vs. Selected Industries, Canada, 2000 Motor Vehicle Manufacturing

18. 15 Billions of Canadian $ $14.1 billion $12.8 billion 10 $6.1 billion 5 Motor Vehicle Mfg. Agriculture Volunteers The Johns Hopkins Center for Civil Society Studies Contribution to GDP, Volunteers vs. Selected Industries, Canada

19. The Johns Hopkins Center for Civil Society Studies 5.0 % 4.8% 2.4% 1.1% Hotels & Restaurants Utilities Agriculture & Fishing Construction NPIs Value Added as % of GDP, NPIs* vs. Selected Industries, Belgium, 2003 % of GDP 1.6% * Without Volunteers

20. The Johns Hopkins Center for Civil Society Studies SOCIAL SERVICES 66.6% HEALTH 42.7% CULTURE & RECREATION 26% 10% 50% NPI Share of Belgian Value Added, Selected Fields 80% Percent of Total Value

21. The Johns Hopkins Center for Civil Society Studies GDP NPI 4.7% 5% 4.2% 4.3% 4.3% 3.3% 1.3% 1% Belgium (2000-2003) Canada (1997-2001) USA (1996-2004) Average Annual Change in GDP and GDP Contribution of NPIs

22. The Johns Hopkins Center for Civil Society Studies Philanthropy as share of GDP, selected countries, 1995-2004

23. The Johns Hopkins Center for Civil Society Studies How Can Better Data on Civil Society Help? • Visibility/Legitimacy • Improve policy-making • Increase transparency/accountability • Improve economic statistics • Chart NPO contribution to MDGs • Spot trends/problems

24. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: The Johns Hopkins Center for Civil Society Studies WWW.JHU.EDU/CCSS