Chapter 17: Therapy

1. Chapter 17: Therapy What Works? More Views Biomedical What’s on your mind? Who will you call? 400

2. 1. Dr. Schulte tells his patient, “just say the first thing that pops into your head.” He is using the technique of: • A) free association. • B) psychoanalysis. • C) dream analysis. • D) transference.

3. 2. “I will use whatever techniques are the most effective to help a particular patient,” is a statement likely to be made by someone using a(n) _____ approach. • A) behavioral • B) psychodynamic • C) eclectic • D) interpersonal

4. 3. In contrast to other psychodynamic therapies, interpersonal therapy focuses on: • A) underlying conflicts. • B) transference issues. • C) current relationships. • D) unconscious motives.

5. 4. Rogers encouraged therapists to exhibit all of the following except: • A) analytical insight. • B) genuineness. • C) acceptance. • D) empathy.

6. Above all, Rogers believed it was the duty of therapists to provide a non-judgmental, grace-filled environment called: • A) self-actualization. • B) unconditional positive regard. • C) active listening. • D) therapeutic ambiance.

7. 6. The behavioral technique called ____ involves relaxation training and constructing an anxiety hierarchy. • A) progressive relaxation • B) behavior modification • C) systematic desensitization • D) anxiety release

8. 7. When facing an anxiety arousing situation that would at first be too difficult or expensive to recreate, technology paired with behavioral techniques may be used in: • A) in vivo desensitization. • B) aversive conditioning. • C) biofeedback therapy. • D) virtual reality exposure therapy.

9. 8. Which of the following is an example of aversive conditioning? • A) using a bell-and-pad to wake up a child who bed wets. • B) using Antabuse to induce nausea in an alcoholic. • C) using virtual reality to help someone with a phobia. • D) using shock therapy for depression.

10. 9. David Meichenbaum developed an approach in which he would teach people to restructure their thinking when faced with stressful situations. He called this: • A) stress inoculation training. • B) cognitive-behavioral therapy. • C) cognitive therapy. • D) cognitive resolution.

11. 10. Family therapy is based on the assumption that: • A) parents are always the cause of a child’s problem. • B) the family must be treated as a system. • C) families are easier to change than individuals. • D) you can fix the patient if you enlist the help of the entire family.

12. 11. Because people tend to be in a very low place in their life when entering therapy, they may attribute their later, better state the result of their therapy. This is because of: • A) the placebo effect. • B) a belief the therapy was worth the effort. • C) regression toward the mean. • D) clients speak kindly of their therapist.

13. 12. A procedure for combining the results of many different research studies is called: • A) multifactorial regression. • B) meta-analysis. • C) correlation coefficient comparison. • D) regressive analysis.

14. 13. When meta-analysis is used to summarize studies that compare people who receive psychotherapy to no-treatment controls, researchers conclude: • A) psychotherapy is significantly more effective than no therapy. • B) psychotherapy is only slightly effective. • C) psychotherapy is less effective than drug therapy. • D) the effectiveness of psychotherapy depends on the skill of the therapist.

15. 14. The Society of Clinical Psychology task force found that the recommended treatments for depression were: • A) cognitive-behavior therapy and psychoanalysis. • B) behavior therapy and humanistic therapy. • C) exposure therapy, desensitization and reality therapy. • D) cognitive therapy, behavior therapy and interpersonal therapy.

16. 15. The recommended and most effective treatment for SAD is: • A) exposure to evening bright light. • B) exposure to morning bright light. • C) exposure to electric shock. • D) none of these are any better than a placebo.

17. 16. Due to the effectiveness of antipsychotic drugs, many mentally ill were deinstitutionalized. The result was that many of the severely disturbed who could not care for themselves: • A) were left homeless. • B) were much better off. • C) could go back to work. • D) were successfully reintegrated into society.

18. 17. The long-term use of antipsychotic drugs (such as Thorazine) can result in a potentially irreversible disorder called: • A) psychotic rebound. • B) the “revolving door” pattern. • C) dopamine overload. • D) tardive dyskinesia.

19. 18. One of the dangers of taking antianxiety drugs is that, when heavy users stop taking them: • A) they experience physiological withdrawal. • B) they can experience insomnia. • C) they can experience increased anxiety. • D) all of the above.

20. 19. The treatment of choice for depression is to attack from above and below, using: • A) a dual-acting antidepressant. • B) SSRI’s and anti-anxiety medication. • C) cognitive behavior therapy and anti-depressants. • D) exercise and a dual-acting antidepressant.

21. 20. The medication most commonly used to treat bipolar disorder is _____ which is a type of _____. • A) Thorazine; dopamine inhibitor • B) Prozac; SSRI • C) Lithium; salt • D) Depakote; neuroleptic

22. 21. ECT continues to be helpful with severely depressed and suicidal patients by: • A) flooding the brain with serotonin. • B) inducing convulsions. • C) erasing memory of unpleasant events. • D) punishing patients who have negative thoughts.

23. 22. Dr. Moniz invented an inexpensive way to deliver a lobotomy, which entailed: • A) careful surgery separating the frontal lobe from the rest of the brain. • B) inserting an ice pick through each eye socket into the brain and wiggling it. • C) removing part of the frontal lobe. • D) using electricity to burn parts of the frontal cortex.

24. 23. James reports he often feels “the blues,” but does not have a serious depression. You recommend that James: • A) admit himself into a hospital. • B) see a psychiatrist. • C) get more physical exercise. • D) begin taking an SSRI, such as Prozac.

25. 24: Skeptics of EMDR therapy explain positive results as the combination of a reassuring atmosphere with: • A) a caring therapist. • B) meditation. • C) relaxation training. • D) exposure therapy.

26. 25. When studying the effectiveness of AA in treating alcoholism: • A) AA was found to be the most effective treatment. • B) AA was as effective as cognitive-behavior therapy. • C) AA was less effective than prescriptive medication. • D) AA was not effective in the long-run.

27. Answers Stop here, or continue as a review

28. 1. Dr. Schulte tells his patient, “just say the first thing that pops into your head.” He is using the technique of: • A) free association. • B) psychoanalysis. • C) dream analysis. • D) transference. 687

29. 2. “I will use whatever techniques are the most effective to help a particular patient,” is a statement likely to be made by someone using a(n) _____ approach. • A) behavioral • B) psychodynamic • C) eclectic • D) interpersonal 686

30. 3. In contrast to other psychodynamic therapies, interpersonal therapy focuses on: • A) underlying conflicts. • B) transference issues. • C) current relationships. • D) unconscious motives. 688

31. 4. Rogers encouraged therapists to exhibit all of the following except: • A) analytical insight. • B) genuineness. • C) acceptance. • D) empathy. 689

32. Above all, Rogers believed it was the duty of therapists to provide a non-judgmental, grace-filled environment called: • A) self-actualization. • B) unconditional positive regard. • C) active listening. • D) therapeutic ambiance. 689

33. 6. The behavioral technique called ____ involves relaxation training and constructing an anxiety hierarchy. • A) progressive relaxation • B) behavior modification • C) systematic desensitization • D) anxiety release 692

34. 7. When facing an anxiety arousing situation that would at first be too difficult or expensive to recreate, technology paired with behavioral techniques may be used in: • A) in vivo desensitization. • B) aversive conditioning. • C) biofeedback therapy. • D) virtual reality exposure therapy. 692

35. 8. Which of the following is an example of aversive conditioning? • A) using a bell-and-pad to wake up a child who bed wets. • B) using Antabuse to induce nausea in an alcoholic. • C) using virtual reality to help someone with a phobia. • D) using shock therapy for depression. 692

36. 9. David Meichenbaum developed an approach in which he would teach people to restructure their thinking when faced with stressful situations. He called this: • A) stress inoculation training. • B) cognitive-behavioral therapy. • C) cognitive therapy. • D) cognitive resolution. 696

37. 10. Family therapy is based on the assumption that: • A) parents are always the cause of a child’s problem. • B) the family must be treated as a system. • C) families are easier to change than individuals. • D) you can fix the patient if you enlist the help of the entire family. 697

38. 11. Because people tend to be in a very low place in their life when entering therapy, they may attribute their later, better state the result of their therapy. This is because of: • A) the placebo effect. • B) a belief the therapy was worth the effort. • C) regression toward the mean. • D) clients speak kindly of their therapist. 702

39. 12. A procedure for combining the results of many different research studies is called: • A) multifactorial regression. • B) meta-analysis. • C) correlation coefficient comparison. • D) regressive analysis. 703

40. 13. When meta-analysis is used to summarize studies that compare people who receive psychotherapy to no-treatment controls, researchers conclude: • A) psychotherapy is significantly more effective than no therapy. • B) psychotherapy is only slightly effective. • C) psychotherapy is less effective than drug therapy. • D) the effectiveness of psychotherapy depends on the skill of the therapist. 708

41. 14. The Society of Clinical Psychology task force found that the recommended treatments for depression were: • A) cognitive-behavior therapy and psychoanalysis. • B) behavior therapy and humanistic therapy. • C) exposure therapy, desensitization and reality therapy. • D) cognitive therapy, behavior therapy and interpersonal therapy. 708

42. 15. The recommended and most effective treatment for SAD is: • A) exposure to evening bright light. • B) exposure to morning bright light. • C) exposure to electric shock. • D) none of these are any better than a placebo. 706

43. 16. Due to the effectiveness of antipsychotic drugs, many mentally ill were deinstitutionalized. The result was that many of the severely disturbed who could not care for themselves: • A) were left homeless. • B) were much better off. • C) could go back to work. • D) were successfully reintegrated into society. 711

44. 17. The long-term use of antipsychotic drugs (such as Thorazine) can result in a potentially irreversible disorder called: • A) psychotic rebound. • B) the “revolving door” pattern. • C) dopamine overload. • D) tardive dyskinesia. 712

45. 18. One of the dangers of taking antianxiety drugs is that, when heavy users stop taking them: • A) they experience physiological withdrawal. • B) they can experience insomnia. • C) they can experience increased anxiety. • D) all of the above. 712

46. 19. The treatment of choice for depression is to attack from above and below, using: • A) a dual-acting antidepressant. • B) SSRI’s and anti-anxiety medication. • C) cognitive behavior therapy and anti-depressants. • D) exercise and a dual-acting antidepressant. 714

47. 20. The medication most commonly used to treat bipolar disorder is _____ which is a type of _____. • A) Thorazine; dopamine inhibitor • B) Prozac; SSRI • C) Lithium; salt • D) Depakote; neuroleptic 715

48. 21. ECT continues to be helpful with severely depressed and suicidal patients by: • A) flooding the brain with serotonin. • B) inducing convulsions. • C) erasing memory of unpleasant events. • D) punishing patients who have negative thoughts. 715

49. 22. Dr. Moniz invented an inexpensive way to deliver a lobotomy, which entailed: • A) careful surgery separating the frontal lobe from the rest of the brain. • B) inserting an ice pick through each eye socket into the brain and wiggling it. • C) removing part of the frontal lobe. • D) using electricity to burn parts of the frontal cortex. 717

50. 23. James reports he often feels “the blues,” but does not have a serious depression. You recommend that James: • A) admit himself into a hospital. • B) see a psychiatrist. • C) get more physical exercise. • D) begin taking an SSRI, such as Prozac. 713