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“Negro” Jobs , “White” Jobs

“Negro” Jobs , “White” Jobs. Black and White Workers in Ante-bellum America. ROBERT SMALLS (1839 – 1915) Stole the Confederate USS Planter 1862 SC House of Representatives During Reconstruction. SLAVE SOCIETY COERCION VIOLENCE SEXUAL EXPLOITATION SLAVE PATROLS

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“Negro” Jobs , “White” Jobs

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  1. “Negro” Jobs, “White” Jobs Black and White Workers in Ante-bellum America

  2. ROBERT SMALLS (1839 – 1915) • Stole the Confederate USS Planter 1862 • SC House of Representatives During Reconstruction

  3. SLAVE SOCIETY • COERCION • VIOLENCE • SEXUAL EXPLOITATION • SLAVE PATROLS • LAWS CONTROLLING SLAVE AND BLACK BEHAVIOR

  4. MARKET REVOLUTION 1812 – 1860 • Raw Materials from South, Rural North and West • Manufacturing in North • Trans-Continental Transportation • Creation of Markets

  5. THE COTTON KINGDOM 1830: South = 300,000 bales of cotton per year 1860: South = 5 million bales of cotton per year 75% of world’s cotton supply 4 million slaves, more than all other slave societies combined

  6. TASK SYSTEM OF SLAVE LABOR • Individual plots of land or type of crop • Foodstuffs (sweet potatoes, greens) • Blacks trade / barter with poor whites • pre-Revolution: interracial farm laborers • 1800 – 1865: all-black slave labor

  7. GANG SYSTEM OF SLAVE LABOR • Plantation Cultivation: Set Amount per day • Cash Crops (cotton, sugar, rice) • Blacks work independently of whites, white • overseer

  8. “I would do my best to hasten the day when the color of the skin would be no barrier to equal school rights.” William C. Nell, 1855

  9. ABIEL SMITH SCHOOL (1835 – 1855)

  10. DRED SCOTT DECISION 1857 Dred Scott (c. 1799 – 1858) Harriett Scott (d. 1873) -Scott enslaved to the Blow family in VA, sold to Dr. John Emerson of MO -1836: Scott “marries” Harriett; they have two children -1842: John Emerson marries Irene Sanford. -1846: John Emerson dies; his estate is handled by John Sanford -1849: After offering Irene Sanford $300 for his freedom, he sues for his freedom in court

  11. Chief Justice Robert Brook Taney • African-Americans are Not Citizens • Slavery can exist wherever slaves are brought as property • Missouri Compromise is unconstitutional • Citizenship is reserved for white men “A Negro has no rights that a White Man is Bound to Respect”

  12. AME Church, 1816 “God our Father, Christ our Redeemer, Man our Brother” Rev. Richard Allen (1760 – 1831) • African Free Schools • Freedom’s Journal, 1827 • New England Anti-Slavery Society • American Anti-Slavery Society • Legal Challenge to White Supremacy Charles Lenox Remond (1810 – 1873)

  13. “I would do my best to hasten the day when the color of the skin would be no barrier to equal school rights.” William C. Nell, 1855

  14. 1850, William and Ellen Craft

  15. “We went to bed one night old-fashioned, conservative, compromise Union Whigs and waked up stark mad Abolitionists.” (Amos Adams Lawrence, former Conscience Whig, on the Burns affair.)

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