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The Reformation. Meaning. Rejection of supreme religious authority of the Pope Establishment of new churches in Germany and W-Europe, incl. Scandinavia Historical process: 1517-1555/63 Political implications. Political developments & implications.
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Meaning • Rejection of supreme religious authority of the Pope • Establishment of new churches in Germany and W-Europe, incl. Scandinavia • Historical process: 1517-1555/63 • Political implications
Political developments & implications • Imperial Diets in Holy Roman Empire („Reichstage“): main platform of Reformation • Imperial politics: crucial for rapid success of Reformation • Result: emperor weakened as head of HRE, further decentralisation
Course of the Reformation • 1517: Luther publishes 95 theses • 1518: accused of notorious heresy, interrogation at Reichstag in Augsburg, Luther insists • 1519: dispute of Leipzig (with Johannes Eck) • 1521: Reichstag of Worms, Luther banned and excommunicated
Course of the Reformation (2) • 1521-24: Luther on Wartburg, Eisenach, translates Bible into German • Reformation spreads throughout large parts of Germany • 1524/25: peasant revolt • 1529: Reichstag in Speyer („Protestation“ of Speyer) • 1531: Reichstag in Augsburg („Confessio Augustana“) • 1546/47: Smalkaldic War • 1555: Religious peace of Augsburg („Cuius regio eius religio“)
Read: Cameron, pages 171-205 (also available online!)