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A Telescopic and Microscopic View of the Sun-Earth System

Learn about the substorm current wedge, magnetic field dynamics, and particle injections using cutting-edge telescope and microscope technologies in this comprehensive study of the Sun-Earth system.

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A Telescopic and Microscopic View of the Sun-Earth System

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  1. A Telescopic and Microscopic View of the Sun-Earth System

  2. D.N. Baker J.L. Burch P.W. Daly R.E. Ergun R. Friedel T.A. Fritz J.-M. Jahn D.G. Mitchell G.D. Reeves M. Dunlop H. Singer Contributors

  3. Telescope-Microscope Concept in Space Physics Telescope… …and Microscope

  4. The Substorm Current Wedge McPherron et al.

  5. Substorm Particle Injection Magnetic energy increase in magnetotail 30 - 300 keV particle enhancements near geostationary orbit Magnetic field “dipolarization” near GEO orbit

  6. Neutral-Line Substorm Model Energy Storage In Magnetotail Explosive energy release phase and particle injection

  7. CLUSTER Orbit Cluster orbit and tetrahedron configuration in the GSE X – Z plane when the apogee is in the solar wind. (The magnetic field model is from Tsyganenko (1987) with Kp = 2, the magnetopause from Sibeck et al. (1991) with solar wind pressure equal to 2 nPa and the bow shock from Peredo et al. (1995) with the Alfvén mach number in the range (2-20).

  8. Orbital Precession

  9. Scientific Objectives of CLUSTER • Near tail structures and boundaries • Scales of ~10 km to ~1 RE • Plasma sheet and its boundary layers (fine-scale structures) • Currents-parallel and perpendicular • Plasma flows, vorticity • Substorm processes • Growth phase development (topology change in B and I) • Cross tail and field-aligned currents (development, spatial extent, geometry (filaments?)) • Substorm onset and development (current disruption/diversion, waves, turbulence, field line curvature, particle acceleration, E, spatial extent and development) • Near-Earth neutral line • X-line formation and extent • Magnetic reconnection • Plasmoid formation and motion • Other substorm models

  10. Modern Imaging Particle Detector Systems: Compact, Light-weight and Capable The Research with Adaptive Particle Imaging Detectors (RAPID) investigation on CLUSTER uses microstrip detectors and advanced I/O chips

  11. CLUSTER/RAPID : 31 March 2001 CLUSTER S/C 1 CLUSTER S/C 2 CLUSTER S/C 3 CLUSTER S/C 4

  12. Geomagnetic Activity : March-April 2001

  13. SOHO EIT Images

  14. SOHO C2 Coronagraph

  15. SOHO C3 Coronagraph

  16. Coronal Mass Ejection Courtesy NASA

  17. ACE Measurements - L1 Advanced Composition Explorer spacecraft at the Sunward Lagrangian point (L1): Exceptionally high solar wind speeds and very strong inter- planetary magnetic fields

  18. Modeled Boundaries View from above North pole of Earth

  19. SAMPEX Radiation Belt Electrons: 2-6 MeV

  20. Red Aurora in Sacramento

  21. PIXIE Auroral Images

  22. LANL Geosynchronous Orbit Data ACE solar wind data (magnetospheric drivers) Los Alamos National Laboratory particle measurements at GEO

  23. GOES Geosynchronous Data

  24. Neutral-Line Substorm Model The ~0630 UT electron injection at LANL S/C 1991-080 was a very strong “dispersionless” event at ~20 LT. This was very far premidnight.

  25. CLUSTER Orbital Positions

  26. CLUSTER/RAPID : 31 March 2001 CLUSTER S/C 1 CLUSTER S/C 2 CLUSTER S/C 3 CLUSTER S/C 4

  27. RAPID Electron InjectionData Black = C1 Red = C2 Green = C3 Blue = C4

  28. FAST Spacecraft Data Fast Auroral SnapshoT (FAST) data show powerful field-aligned currents and strong electron and ion flux enhancements near 19 LT. These data are consistent with the spacecraft observing the substorm current wedge at ~0637 UT.

  29. Magnetotail-Ionosphere Currents FAST Auroral Oval

  30. Principle Magnetospheric Current Systems

  31. Energetic Neutral Atom Imaging

  32. IMAGE/HENA

  33. MHD Global Simulation Courtesy of S. Elkington et al.

  34. Summary Very well observed event from Sun to magnetosphere Global (telescopic) view of substorm with IMAGE Detailed (microscopic) view of substorm with CLUSTER and FAST

  35. Competing Pictures

  36. Auroral Electrojet Index Data:27 August 2001

  37. IMAGE/WIC Images

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