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Cenap Şehabettin Sok. No: 94 Koşuyolu – İstanbul Tel. : 216.428 7890 Faks: 216.428 7895 E-posta : cevko@cevko.org.tr Ca

Separate Collection and Recycling of Packaging : The Case for Turkey. Mete IMER General Manager ÇEVKO Workshop on Recycling of Waste Session III: Legal Framework and Policy Instruments on Separate Collection and Recycling 20-21 September 2011, Tirana, Albania.

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Cenap Şehabettin Sok. No: 94 Koşuyolu – İstanbul Tel. : 216.428 7890 Faks: 216.428 7895 E-posta : cevko@cevko.org.tr Ca

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  1. SeparateCollectionandRecycling of Packaging: TheCaseforTurkey Mete IMER General Manager ÇEVKO Workshop on Recycling of Waste Session III: Legal FrameworkandPolicy Instruments on SeparateCollectionandRecycling 20-21 September 2011, Tirana, Albania Cenap Şehabettin Sok. No: 94 Koşuyolu – İstanbul Tel. : 216.428 7890 Faks: 216.428 7895 E-posta : cevko@cevko.org.tr Call Center: 0800 261 6410

  2. BACKGROUND INFORMATION Life Cycle of Packaging Consumer Municipality SalesPoint Sorter/Recycler Filler/Packer PackagingProducer

  3. BACKGROUND INFORMATION Waste Handling of Waste - ConventionalApproach Landfilling

  4. BACKGROUND INFORMATION Handling of Waste – SeparateCollection Organic Wastes Landfilling Recyclable Wastes Containers for Recyclable Wastes

  5. BACKGROUND INFORMATION Definition of “Recycling” What is recycling? Recycling: Revaluation of wastematerialbyphysical, chemicalandbiologicalmeans. Whatarerecyclablewastematerials? Theyaremainlypackagingwaste, made of: • glass, • metals, • plastics, • paper/board, • wood, • composites.

  6. BACKGROUND INFORMATION ProductsobtainedbyRecycling

  7. BACKGROUND INFORMATION Benefits of RecyclingActivities • Environmentalbenefits: • Preventpollutionduetopackagingwaste • Helpprotection of forests • Helpdecreasinggreenhouseemissionsthatcauseclimatechange • Economicbenefits: • Minimize waste of resources • Saverawmaterialsandenergy • Createnewjobs • Socialbenefits: • Helpchanginghabits • Increaseawareness • Improvecorporateimage

  8. EU LEGISLATION • EU Packaging Directive Directive 94/62/EC revised as 2004/12/EC : Deadline for all to 31.12.2008 for P, GR, IRE to 31.12.2011 for new members to 31.12.2012 - 2015 Recovery Min.: 60 % Recycling Min.: 55% Max.: 80 % Recycling specific Materials Glass Min.: 60 % Paper Min.: 60 % Metal Min.: 50 % Plastic Min.: 22,5 % Wood Min.: 15 %

  9. EU LEGISLATION ImplementationoftheEU PackagingDirective Fund Scheme runbyindustry Iceland Taxes No compliancescheme Denmark EPR but close to market UK (PRN System) Tax+ComplianceScheme The Netherlands Croatia Fund versus EPR 27 with Producer Responsibility Austria, Belgium, France, Spain, Germany, Ireland, Luxembourg, Portugal, Sweden, Greece, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Czech Republic, Slovak Republic, Hungary, Slovenia, Cyprus, Malta, Estonia, Romania, Bulgaria, Turkey, Norway, Finland, Italy, Serbia

  10. EPR ExtendedProducerResponsibility UN Guidelines for Consumer Protection - 1985 Revision - January 1998 Added text on sustainable consumption. Consumers: • - Not enough purchasing power to influence producer decisions. • Not aware of environmental, economic, social and other impacts of purchasing decisions. • Not able to get optimal information about productsdueto illiteracy or technical reasons. Extended Producer Responsibilityis a strategy designed to promote the integration of environmental costs associated with products throughout their life cycles into the market price of the products.

  11. EPR ExtendedProducerResponsibility (EPR) An environmental policy approach, in which a producer’s responsibility for a product is extended to the post-consumer stage of a product’s life cycle. An EPR policy is characterised by: shifting of responsibility (physically and/or economically; fully or partially) upstream toward the producer. (2) the provision of incentives to producers to take into account environmental considerations when designing their products.

  12. Financing of selective collection, sorting, recovery and recycling of packaging waste by industry Communicating to consumers tocreate new behaviours Founded by and run in the interest of fillers, packagingproducersand retailers Independent of government and waste management companies Implementation of Producer Responsibility Sharing of responsibility and financing Collection and recovery systems Recycling Quotas • EPR ExtendedProducerResponsibility (EPR) Uniformity Diversity  Every system has to find its own way taking into account the respective local circumstances.

  13. TURKEY Development of Legal Infrastructure in Turkey 1991 - 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 • Regulation on theControl of PackagingandPackagingWastewasintroduced. • Regulation on theControl of SolidWastewasintroduced. • Revision of thePackagingWasteControlRegulation. • Change in theregulation. • Obligationtosellto “licensed” recyclers • The scopewaslimited. Onlysalespackagingexcludingpaper & board. • Allpackaging. • Revision in the • EnvironmentLaw • Clarified • obligations. • Changes in documentionrequirements. • ÇEVKO wasannounced as “AuthorizedRecoveryOrganization” bytheMinistry of Environment. • ÇEVKO wasfounded • (1991). • Transfer of someMoEdutiestolocaldirectorates. • ÇEVKO joined PRO Europe • (GREEN DOT ) (2002). Phase I Phase II

  14. TURKEY Phase I: VoluntaryActions 1991 - 2004 Sufficient time for: • Regulation on theControl of SolidWastewasintroduced. • Collecting data • Increasingpublicawareness • Developinginfrastructure • Developingapplicablemodels • The scope is limited. Onlysalespackagingexcludingpaper & board. • ÇEVKO wasfounded • (1991). • ÇEVKO joined PRO Europe • (GREEN DOT ) (2002).

  15. TURKEY Phase II: Legal Obligations ComplyingwiththerevisedTurkishLaw of Environment. Complying with the Regulation on Packaging Waste Control of Turkey (influencedbytheEU legislation).

  16. AUTHORIZED INSTITUTION • TURKEY Phase II: Legal Obligations Ministry of Environment-LocalEnvironmentDirectorates PackagingWaste Regulation Separatecollection Training Communication Municipalities, LicensedCollectors/Sorters Policymaking Licensing Enforcement Fillers, Packers, Importers, AuthorizedRecoveryOrganization Declaration RecyclingTargets Training Communication

  17. TURKEY Phase II: Legal Obligations WHO IS RESPONSIBLE FOR RECYCLING TARGETS? • Packers/fillers, brandowners • Importers WHAT KIND OF PACKAGING? • Sales, group, transport • Household, commercial, • industrial

  18. AUTHORIZED INSTITUTION • TURKEY Phase II: RecyclingTargets

  19. TURKEY • Founded by leading industrial companies in Turkey in 1991. • Not-for-profit, non-governmentalorganization, set up voluntarily. • Objective: • To set up a sustainablerecoverysystem in Turkeywiththecollaboration of theindustry, municipalitiesandconsumers. ÇEVKO Foundation

  20. LEGAL GUIDELINES • TURKEY Members of ÇEVKO Foundation ADM - AK GIDA - AMWAY – ANA GIDA – ANADOLU CAM SANAYİ - ANADOLU EFES BİRACILIK - ARTENIUS – BERİCAP - BESLER - BP PETROL – CARREFOURSA - COCA-COLA MEŞ. PAZ. - COCA-COLA İÇECEK - CROWN BEVCAN – DELLA GIDA- DANONE - ECZACIBAŞI BEIERSDORF – EDİRNE YAĞ - ELİF PLASTİK – EMEK YAĞ- ERBAK-ULUDAĞ - ETİ GIDA - FATSU - HAYAT KİMYA – JOHNSON&JOHNSON - KAFKAS - KAYSERİ ŞEKER FAB. - KOPAŞ KOZMETİK - KOROZO - LOREAL KOZMETİK – MARSAN - MARSHALL - MEHMETLER YAĞ– MİGROS – MOBİL OIL – NESTLE WATERS - ORIFLAME - PAPIX PLASTİK - PEPSİ-COLA - PFIZER - PINAR SU – PLAŞ PLASTİK - PROCTER & GAMBLE – RECKITT BENCKISER - REXAM PAKETLEME - ROCHE - ROTOPAK - SARTEN- SHELL TURCAS- TAMEK GIDA - TARİŞ – TAT – TETRA PAK –TÜRK TUBORG – UNILEVER - ÜLKER - WELLA KOZMETİK – YUDUM GIDA

  21. SEPARATED BY TYPE OF PACKAGING WASTE • TURKEY DOCUMANTATION SERVICE FEE EPR Model forPackagingWaste Consumers, public institutions, factories, salespoints, airports, otherbusinesses, etc. MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT PACKAGING WASTE DOCUMENTATION LICENSING AUTHORIZATION MUNICIPALITIES SORTERS/COLLECTORS CONTRACT CONTRACT SERVICE FEE CONTRACT ÇEVKO (AuthorizedRecoveryOrganization) LICENSING CONTRACT COST OF MATERIAL ECONOMIC OPERATORS RECYCLERS

  22. TURKEY EffectiveCommunication

  23. TURKEY SeparateCollectionMethods

  24. TURKEY SeparateCollectionMethods ByRecoveryContainers From • Housingcomplexes • Schools • Shoppingareas • Industrialcomplexes • Offices

  25. TURKEY SeparateCollectionMethods ByCollectionBags • Fromhouses • Fromrestaurants, hotels, cafes, smallbusinesses

  26. TURKEY PackagingWasteSortingFacilities

  27. Thankyou. cevko@cevko.org.tr www.cevko.org.tr

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