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History of Environmental Justice: From Past to Present Advocacy

This article delves into the evolution of environmental justice, from grassroots activism and the establishment of EPA Workgroup on Environmental Equity in 1990 to President Clinton's Executive Order 12898 in 1994. Explore how racial and socio-economic factors intersect with environmental decisions and policies. Learn how organizations like Sierra Club and Greenpeace are diversifying to amplify voices for equitable treatment.

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History of Environmental Justice: From Past to Present Advocacy

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  1. Environmental Justice Photo credit (CC license): Annette Bernhardt

  2. What is Environmental Justice? • A social movement that demands fair distribution of environmental benefits and burdens. • What about this image suggests environmental injustice? Photo credit (CC license): Marianne de Wit

  3. History of Environmental Justice • 1982 • Warren County, North Carolina • A rural, low-income, predominantly black community • Chosen by state lawmakers to host a toxic waste landfill. • Why do you think areas dominated by minorities and the poor are sites chosen for the disposal of hazardous waste? Photo credit: Ricky Stilley; used with permission.

  4. History of Environmental Justice • 1990 • the University of Michigan's School of Natural Resources holds the first conference on race and environmental hazards • EPA establishes its Workgroup on Environmental Equity

  5. History of Environmental Justice • 1991 • First National People of Color Environmental Leadership Summit • attended by more than 650 grassroots organizations and more than 300 environmental groups

  6. History of Environmental Justice • 1994 • President Clinton signs into law Executive Order 12898 to provide federal actions to address environmental justice in minority populations and low-income populations

  7. History of Environmental Justice • Increased awareness of environmental injustice has led environmental organizations such as the Sierra Club, Audubon Society, Friends of the Earth, and Greenpeace to recruit more minorities as members and leaders of their organizations. • How might the involvement of people of color in traditional organizations help the cause of environmental justice?

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