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Environmental Literacy: Environmental Justice

Environmental Literacy: Environmental Justice. JoAnn Carmin Department of Urban Studies and Planning Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Streams in Environmental Sociology. Human-environment relationship Risk perception and communication Environmental movements and organizations

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Environmental Literacy: Environmental Justice

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  1. Environmental Literacy:Environmental Justice JoAnn CarminDepartment of Urban Studies and PlanningMassachusetts Institute of Technology

  2. Streams in Environmental Sociology • Human-environment relationship • Risk perception and communication • Environmental movements and organizations • Corporate social responsibility • Environmental governance and policy • Environmental inequity and justice

  3. Classic View of Environmental Injustice Warren County, North Carolina Photo: www.ncwarn.org/Campaigns/WarrenCounty/12-05-03WarrenCountyHistory.htm

  4. Environmental Injustice Group bears a disproportionate share of the negative environmental consequences resulting from industrial, municipal, and commercial operations or the execution of federal, state, local, and tribal programs and policies (U.S. EPA, 1998)

  5. Disproportionate Burden • Exposed community did not generate problem • Exposed community receives marginal benefits • Exposed community bears environmental burden

  6. Emerging Paradigm • Classic • Local concerns and local inequities • Emphasis on race and class • Focus on US, but some consideration of international locales • Emerging • Demand and consumption patterns in one part of the world imposing a disproportionate environmental burden in distant regions Source: Friends of the Earth International

  7. Tales of Gold in the Hills:Mining in Rosia Montana, Romania Photo: www.truestory.ro

  8. Major Drivers of Disparities • Demand for quality of life  Consumption • Global dumping groups • GHGs & climate impacts • Demand for goods  Extraction • Mining • Bio-prospecting • Demand for affordable goods/ profitability  Workplace exposure • Go tech! Go pork!

  9. Coming Full Cycle • Pressure from demand • Leads to government or corporate response • Causing unequal burden • That gives rise to public response

  10. Constellation of Considerations Human Health Impacts Environmental Impacts Cultural Survival Environmental Justice Politics and Policy Stratification Participation Mobilization

  11. Environmental Justice and Environmental Literacy:Theory • Justice as Equitable Distribution • Theories of justice, political economy/ resource curse, and globalization • Justice as Recognition • Theories of identity, social stratification • Justice as Procedure • Theories of public participation, participatory governance, and collective action

  12. Environmental Justice and Environmental Literacy:Environmental and Human Impacts Local, national, and global impacts associated with: • Technology development and transfer • Production processes, outsourcing, labor standards, Consumption • Economic development and poverty alleviation

  13. Environmental Justice and Environmental Literacy:Policy and Planning Tools • International governance: • International treaties and judicial procedures • National policy, planning, and development • Adoption of Aarhus Convention / Principle 10 • Laws and judicial procedures • Market mechanisms • Institutional and stakeholder assessments • Social and environmental impact assessments • Participatory decision-making • Corporate social responsibility • Voluntary programs, codes, and certification • Good Neighbor Agreements

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