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CHAPTER 14 SECTION ONE From Appeasement to War. IV. During the 1930s, Western nations followed a disastrous policy of Appeasement : Giving in to an aggressor in order to avoid war. A. Japan tries to create Greater Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere 1. 1931 invasion of Manchuria
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CHAPTER 14 SECTION ONE From Appeasement to War
IV. During the 1930s, Western nations followed a disastrous policy of Appeasement : Giving in to an aggressor in order to avoid war
A. Japan tries to create Greater Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere • 1. 1931 invasion of Manchuria • 2. 1937 invasion of China • 3.Mao and Chaing Kai-Shek fight back • 4. U.S. boycott on oil imports
B. Italian Aggression • 1. Mussolini sought to recreate the Roman Empire • 2. 1935 invasion of Ethiopia • 3. Economic sanctions by League of Nations are of little help
C. Spanish Civil War 1936-1939 • 1. Prelude to WW II • 2 .Nationalist vs. Republicans • 3.Phalange- Spanish Fascists led by Francisco Franco
4.Mussolini and Hitler send troops and weapons to help Franco • 5. Western democracies fear socialists in Republican forces-send nothing • 6. Bombing of Gernika • 7. Fascists win-Spain devastated
D. Germany- 1936-1939 Hitler expands German power with no direct military confrontation • 1. Allies engage in Appeasement tactics, giving in to an aggressor in the hope that they will be satisfied and military action can be avoided
2 . 1936 militarization of the Rhineland, Hitler marches troops into border area in direct defiance of Versailles Treaty • 3.1937- Austrian president Dolfuss assassinated-Austria annexed
E. 1938 Czechoslovakia • 1. Hitler demands Sudetenland • 2.Munich Agreement • France and Great Britain appease Hitler by giving up 1/3 of Czech. in exchange for peace • 3. 6 months later, Germany takes the rest
F. Coming of War • 1. 1938-Axis Treaty between Germany and Italy • 2. 1939 German/ Soviet non-aggression pact-to avoid a two-front war • 3. 1939 invasion of Poland 4.Britain and France declare war-Beginning of World War II