Effective Motor Carrier Safety Training Programs

1. Attention Attendees: • Thank you for attending! • The presentation will start in a few minutes at 1:00 PM Central. • Please use your computer speakers to listen to the event. If you have audio issues, dial-in info is below. • You will be muted during the event. • Please use the Question feature to text questions to “Q & A”. We’ll try to answer them during the Q&A period if they are not covered in the presentation. • The slides and recording will be posted within 7 days at: http://www.jjkeller.com/nptcinfo Effective Motor Carrier Safety Training Programs This webcast will cover ... Establishing a Successful Training Program and Integrating Various Types of Training, DOT Training Requirements, Ensuring Training Effectiveness, and Question & Answer Moderator Dr. Gary Petty, President & CEO, NPTC Panelists Tom Bray, Sr. Editor – Transportation Management, J. J. Keller & Associates, Inc. Tom Moore, CTP, Senior Vice President, NPTC Victor Hart, Transportation Safety Manager, DOT Transportation, Inc.

2. Dr. Gary Petty President & CEO National Private Truck Council

3. Introduction • DOT Training Requirements – Tom Bray • Establishing successful training protocols and integrating various types of training –Tom Moore • Ensuring training effectiveness – Victor Hart • Housekeeping issues: • You will be muted during the event. • Please use the Question feature to text questions to the Q&A Panelist. We’ll try to answer them during the Q&A period if they are not covered in the presentation. • If you lose sound at any point, you can dial-in by phone using the number and Pass Code listed below. • If you lose the program window and need to re-loginbe sure to enter a different e-mail address to avoid being denied access for multiple logins. Gary Petty National Private Truck Council

4. Introduction and Disclaimers • This is an introductory course and is intended to highlight important safety and compliance topics. Time constraints limit our ability to go in depth. • We invite you to ask questions. We will answer them throughout today’s webcast. Gary Petty National Private Truck Council

5. Tom Bray Sr. Editor, Transportation Management J. J. Keller & Associates, Inc.

6. Motor Carrier Safety Regulations • Drivers and employees must be instructed regarding and must comply with applicable regulations (§390.3(e)(2)) • A motor carrier must have a safety training program in place • All training must be documented • Training timeline (minimum): • New hires within 90 days • Recurring training every 3 years Tom BrayJ. J. Keller & Associates, Inc.

7. Required Training/Education • Entry-level driver training (Part 380, Subpart E) • Drug and alcohol (driver) (§382.601) • Drug and alcohol reasonable suspicion (supervisor) (§382.603) • Periodic inspection (§396.19) • Brake inspector (§396.25) • Longer combination vehicles (LCVs) (Part 380, Subparts A, B, C, D) • Hazmat for “hazardous materials employees” (§171.8) • Other training requirements (OSHA, EPA) Tom BrayJ. J. Keller & Associates, Inc.

8. Entry-Level Driver Training • Entry-level driver • < 1 yr experience operating a CMV with a CDL in interstate commerce • Key topics • Driver qualification • Hours of service • Driver wellness • Whistleblower protection Tom BrayJ. J. Keller & Associates, Inc.

9. Proposed Changes • Legal challenge resulted in court order mandating regulation rewrite • Proposal published December 2007 • Proposal would require training based on DOT Model Curriculum Tom BrayJ. J. Keller & Associates, Inc.

10. Proposed Changes • Training provider must be accredited • Instructors must meet standards • As part of CDL application process student must present completion certificate • Instruction hours requirement: • Class A – 120 hours (76 hours classroom and 44 hours behind the wheel) • Class B/C – 90 hours (58 hours classroom and 32 hours behind the wheel) • Final rule required by July 2013 Tom BrayJ. J. Keller & Associates, Inc.

11. Drug and Alcohol Regulations • Drivers who operate CMVs that require a CDL must receive materials explaining the Part 382 requirements • The materials must: • Address the employer’s policies and procedures; • Be presented to the driver before starting drug and alcohol testing; and • Cover the 11 required elements in §382.601 • The driver must sign a receipt stating that s/he received these materials and the employer must maintain this receipt • Managers must also understand the procedural requirements Tom BrayJ. J. Keller & Associates, Inc.

12. Reasonable Suspicion • Training to determine whether reasonable suspicion of alcohol and/or drug use exists • Required of individuals who supervise drivers that operate CMVs requiring CDLs • Training must include: • 60 minutes on alcohol misuse • 60 minutes on drug use • Documentation of training must be kept by the motor carrier Tom BrayJ. J. Keller & Associates, Inc.

13. Periodic/Annual Inspector • Training/experience ≥ 1 year: • Manufacturer-sponsored training • Experience as mechanic/inspector in motor carrier/intermodal equipment maintenance program • Experience as mechanic/inspector at commercial garage, fleet leasing company • Experience as state, federal provincial inspector • Inspector must: • Understand inspection criteria • Know and master methods procedures, tools, equipment use to perform inspections • Documentation of inspector qualifications must be kept by the carrier or facility where the inspector is employed Tom BrayJ. J. Keller & Associates, Inc.

14. Brake Inspector • Must have training/experience ≥ 1 year: • Manufacturer-sponsored training • Experience as mechanic/inspector in motor carrier/intermodal equipment maintenance program • Experience as mechanic/inspector at commercial garage, fleet leasing company • Inspector must: • Understand inspection criteria • Know and master methods procedures, tools, equipment use to perform inspections • Documentation of inspector qualifications must be kept by the carrier or facility where the inspector is employed Tom BrayJ. J. Keller & Associates, Inc.

15. Longer Combination Vehicles (LCVs) • Driver must: • Complete knowledge and skills training • Pass knowledge and skills tests • Documentation must be kept in driver’s DQ file • Instructors (classroom and skills) must meet knowledge and training requirements • Documentation of knowledge and experience must be kept in instructor’s DQ file Tom BrayJ. J. Keller & Associates, Inc.

16. Hazardous Materials Training • Anyone meeting the definition of a hazmat employee (§171.8) must receive training • General awareness • Function-specific • Safety training • Emergency response • Self-protection • Accident and incident prevention • Security awareness training • In-depth security training (if carrier required to have security plan) Tom BrayJ. J. Keller & Associates, Inc.

17. Implied/Not Mandated • Driver qualification (Part 391) • Vehicles/inspection (Parts 393 and 396) Tom BrayJ. J. Keller & Associates, Inc.

18. Tom Moore, CTP Senior Vice President National Private Truck Council

19. The Case for Focusing on Training Effectiveness • The bottom line – properly trained drivers lead to fewer losses including fewer: • Accidents ▪ Image issues • Freight claims ▪ Fines/penalties • Injuries ▪ Vehicle downtime • Customer complaints • And… • Increased productivity ▪ Improved customer satisfaction • Better employee morale ▪ Lower insurance costs • Lower turnover ▪ Better litigation results Tom MooreNational Private Truck Council

20. Elements of an Effective Training Program • Assess current state (trainee knowledge, job responsibilities, job hazards, policies, standards) • Right-size the budget • Staff skilled trainers and select/develop engaging training materials • Determine students learning style and adapt to the student • Delivery: visual, textual, auditory • Content: pure information, hands-on activities, problem solving activities • Use GAPS Framework (Goals, Abilities, Perceptions, and Standards) • Training events emphasize consistency, focus on basics, help student “relate”, are accessible, create differentiation • Assure mastery through accountability Tom MooreNational Private Truck Council

21. Barriers to an Effective Training Program • Management… • does not believe that the savings would be worth the time and effort; • priorities are elsewhere; • denies that training is a problem; and • extends only the minimum effort toward training necessary to satisfy insurance and regulatory requirements • Lack of Training resources • Capital and Time • Staffing • Facilities • Lack of accountability • Failure to keep the message top of mind Tom MooreNational Private Truck Council

22. The Training Program • Company training program should include: • Initial (orientation) • On-the-job • Ongoing • Remedial Tom MooreNational Private Truck Council

23. Initial Training/Orientation • Training topics should include: • Driver qualifications • Defensive driving • Vehicle inspection • Cargo securement • Hours of service • Customer service • Safe loading/unloading • Injury prevention • Include meetings with company inside contacts (safety supervisors, payroll, maintenance, dispatchers) Tom MooreNational Private Truck Council

24. Road Testing • Determine if driver is safe • Impress on new hires that you are concerned with how they operate your vehicles • Establish pass/fail criteria • The best consequence is focused training • If driver is clearly unsafe, a decision needs to be made as to employment status Tom MooreNational Private Truck Council

25. On-the-Job Training • Sending the driver out with an experienced driver (driver-trainer) to learn necessary skills and acquire knowledge/experience • Have a train-the-trainer program • Verify the driver-trainer has necessary knowledge/skills • Formally train driver-trainer • Have a post-training evaluation system Tom MooreNational Private Truck Council

26. Ongoing Training • Safety meetings: • Conduct on a regular basis • Tailor to your company • Address specific problem areas Tom MooreNational Private Truck Council

27. Remedial Training • Remedial training triggers • Develop and use programs that address driver problems • Counsel drivers • Follow-up and track driver • “Check-ride” programs Tom MooreNational Private Truck Council

28. Victor Hart Transportation Safety Manager DOT Transportation, Inc.

29. DOT Transportation Fleet Operations • Equipment • 833 Tractors • 1,378 Trailers • 960 Drivers • Network: • 8 Distribution Centers nationwide • Serving the Food Service Industry • Product line of almost 94,000 items • Over $4 billion in sales • Over 8 million miles in 2011 Victor HartDOT Transportation, Inc.

30. Identifying the Need • Government regulations (FMCSA, OSHA, EPA, IRS, Homeland Security, USDA, FDA, etc.) • Company policies • Employee surveys • Metrics • Safety (MVA and personal) • MPG • Customer delivery related • Exit interviews, discipline and social media • New employee orientation • Networking Victor HartDOT Transportation, Inc.

31. Safety Training • Train the trainer • Defensive driving • Taking pictures • Mock trials • Proactive initiatives from behavioral predictors Victor HartDOT Transportation, Inc.

32. Internal Integration • Between sub-departments • Drivers • Dispatch • Garage • Managers • Between departments • Sales • Purchasing • Warehouse • Human Resources Victor HartDOT Transportation, Inc.

33. External Integration • Customers • Suppliers • Community • Law enforcement • Fire department • Employee families Victor HartDOT Transportation, Inc.

34. Training Delivery Options • Classroom • Individual • Web-based Training • On-board Computer • Newsletter • Safety/operational meetings • DVD, CD, recorded message • Positive Improvement Process (PIPs) • Others? Victor HartDOT Transportation, Inc.

35. Learner Types • Know the individual learning type • Hands-on • Visual • Auditory • Try to use all three for standardized or group training Victor HartDOT Transportation, Inc.

36. Assessing Motor Carrier Safety • Safety Scorecard by location and by driver • Accidents by: • Cost • Date • Type • Driver years of service • Chargeability • Log violations • Over speed • Sudden stops • Keep dialing down Victor HartDOT Transportation, Inc.

37. Assessing Workplace Injuries • OSHA • Frequency • Severity • Type injury • Type accident (causation) • Controlled and/or influenced environment • Root cause analysis Victor HartDOT Transportation, Inc.

38. Defining Success • Acceptable levels • Good, better, best • Law of diminishing returns—establish realistic expectations • Benchmarking • Have fun Victor HartDOT Transportation, Inc.

39. Question & Answer Please submit questions to“Q&A” using the Q&A tool Tom BrayJ. J. Keller & Associates, Inc. Victor HartDOT Transportation, Inc. Gary Petty National Private Truck Council Tom MooreNational Private Truck Council

40. Closing Remarks • Checkout the archive of past topics at: http://www.jjkeller.com/nptcinfo • PowerPoint slides and recording up in 1 week • Possible topics for 2013: • March 6, 2013 - Distracted Driving • May 15, 2013 - Effective Driver Vehicle Inspections • July 10, 2013 - DOT Drug & Alcohol Testing • October 2, 2013 - Physical Qualification of Drivers: DOT Physicals, CDLs and Med Cards, Functional Capacity Testing Gary Petty National Private Truck Council