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Unit 3:Tectonic Processes

Unit 3:Tectonic Processes. November 14, 2011. Todays Class. I will return your exams tomorrow. (Grades Look Good) Pick up a textbook from the library We will start Unit 3 today( Tectonic Processes) This unit has a lot of vocabulary words. Please download the vocabulary pdf from my website.

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Unit 3:Tectonic Processes

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  1. Unit 3:Tectonic Processes November 14, 2011

  2. Todays Class • I will return your exams tomorrow. (Grades Look Good) • Pick up a textbook from the library • We will start Unit 3 today( Tectonic Processes) • This unit has a lot of vocabulary words. Please download the vocabulary pdf from my website.

  3. Tectonic Processes • Let's look at Tectonic Processes. These are the forces that are trying to build the earth. Physical evidence of this happening includes volcanoes, earthquakes, folds, and faults.

  4. Internal Structure of The Earth • Knowledge has come from studying seismic waves which are generated by earthquakes and are registered on seismographs

  5. Types of Seismic Waves • 1) Body Waves: travel through the interior of the earth • a) primary (P) or compression waves: travel fastest through any material • b) secondary (S) or shearing-deformation waves: travel only through solid materials

  6. Types of Seismic Waves • Surface Waves: travel only through the crust (i.e. L or long waves)

  7. Layers Of The Earth

  8. Crust or Lithosphere • Crust or Lithosphere • 5 to 64 km thick • brittle shell of solid rock that cracks, warps, and bends • thinnest on the ocean floors • Sial (i.e. light granitic rock): major component of the continents • Sima (i.e. dense basaltic rock): major component of the ocean basins

  9. Mantle or Mesosphere • approx. 2900 km thick • upper part is known as the asthenospherevery hot, approx. 1650 deg. C in upper part • driving force for volcanoes, mountain building, and continental drift

  10. Core or Centrosphere • approx. 2900 km thick • Outer core: likely made of liquid iron • Inner core: believed to be solid iron, 4000 to 6000 deg. C, inner heat believed to be caused by the decay of radioactive rock

  11. Asthenosphere  • located in the upper mantle- partially molten (i.e. approx. 10%)- lithosphere "floats" on top of the asthenosphere- zones that have become molten, or partially molten, can develop convection currents- convection currents in the asthenosphere are responsible for plate movement

  12. Convection Currents • Convection currents in the outer core are partially responsible for the earth's magnetic field but do not drive the tectonic plates • convection: transmission of heat within a liquid or gas by movement of heated particles. • molten: liquefied by heat

  13. Review

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