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Ronald Kotkin, Ph.D. Clinical Professor Child Development Center University of California, Irvine Department of Pediatrics. Baseball Analogy of ADHD: Inattentive Subtype. Baseball Analogy of ADHD: Hyperactivity/ Impulse Subtype. Hyperactive/impulsive Behavior Occurs at a High Rate.
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Ronald Kotkin, Ph.D. Clinical Professor Child Development Center University of California, Irvine Department of Pediatrics
Hyperactive/impulsive Behavior Occurs at a High Rate • Problem behavior often draws attention in the form of reprimands or frequent prompts. • This may cause a secondary gain increasing the frequency of the problem behavior. • Need to attend to and reinforce alternative behavior through social modeling, differential reinforcement and a Daily Report Card.
Inattentive Behavior • Behavior occurs at a very low rate. • Does not draw attention from teachers. • Needs frequent prompting and reinforcement to maintain effort and increase productivity. • Need to attend to and reinforce alternative behavior through social modeling, differential reinforcement and a Daily Report Card.
Increasing Positive Reinforcement for appropriate behavior • Reinforce other students as model to the target child. • Use the premack principle or gramma’s rule. • Use group contingencies. • Aerobic teaching.
Daily Report Card • No more than three or four behaviors • Feedback Three times a day: Recess, Lunch Recess and before going home. • Daily reinforcement for school behavior.
Group Contingencies and Lotteries • Popcorn Grab • Thunderslam • Good Sport Pizza • Gumball Guess
Provide visual cues • Red sign • Voice Meter • Prompts for appropriate pivotal sentences • Daily report card as a prompt • Rules • Time Timer
Social Skills Training • Target socially valid behaviors. • Program for generalization
Programming for Generalization • Train social skills in the same setting • Train with peers • Reinforce the use of the social skill in the natural setting • Use consistent language to quickly prompt social skill • Post visual prompts