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EVOLUTION & CLASSIFICATION

EVOLUTION & CLASSIFICATION. CLASSIFICATION. Grouping organisms based on similarities. This is the science of TAXONOMY Classification is based on common ancestors with: Similar structures/anatomy Similar biochemical makeup Similar embryonic development. TAXONOMY .

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EVOLUTION & CLASSIFICATION

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  1. EVOLUTION & CLASSIFICATION

  2. CLASSIFICATION • Grouping organisms based on similarities. • This is the science of TAXONOMY • Classification is based on common ancestors with: • Similar structures/anatomy • Similar biochemical makeup • Similar embryonic development

  3. TAXONOMY • KINGDOM (least similar) • PHYLUM • CLASS • ORDER • FAMILY • GENUS • SPECIES* (most similar) • *NOTE: members of the same SPECIES can mate and produce fertile offspring.

  4. BINOMIAL NOMENCLATURE • We use a 2 part naming system to identify an organism, using their GENUS and SPECIES. • Ex. Humans are Homo sapien

  5. THE KINGDOMS • Monera • Single-celled organisms • Heterotrophs • No nucleus (prokaryotic) • Ex. Bacteria

  6. THE KINGDOMS • Protista (Protists) • Two different groups • Heterotrophs (protozoa) • Autotrophs (alga) • Single-celled organisms • Have a nucleus (eukaryotic) • Ex. • Amoeba (heterotroph) • Algae (autotroph)

  7. THE KINGDOMS • Fungi • Multi-cellular • Heterotrophs (non-photosynthetic) • Ex. Mushrooms & Yeast • There are 14,000 different species of mushroom

  8. THE KINGDOMS • Plant • Multi-cellular • Autotrophs • Ex. Tree & Bush

  9. THE KINGDOMS • Animal • Multi-cellular • Heterotrophs • Ex. Birds

  10. THE ANIMAL KINGDOM • Divided into different phyla. • Coelentrates • Hollow body cavity with one opening • Ex. Jellyfish & Hydra • Annelids • Segmented bodies & tube within a tube body cavity • Ex. Earthworm • Arthropods • Segmented bodies, jointed legs, exoskeleton • Ex. Grasshopper & Lobster • Chordates • Have a backbone with dorsal nerve • Ex. Fish, Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds, Mammals

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