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classification

classification. Classification. Classification taxonomy science of grouping and naming organisms based on shared characteristics. Classification. Classification Purpose for classifying organisms brings order to the diversity of life allows identification of new organisms

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classification

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  1. classification

  2. Classification Classification taxonomy science of grouping and naming organisms based on shared characteristics

  3. Classification Classification Purpose for classifying organisms brings order to the diversity of life allows identification of new organisms basis for scientifically naming organisms universal standard for communication

  4. Classification Classification common names can often be misleading jellyfish, starfish, cuttlefish, silverfish

  5. Classification Classification common names can often be misleading mountain lion, puma, cougar, panther

  6. Classification Classification common names can often be misleading ringworm, mealworm, acorn worm fungus insect larva aquatic worm

  7. Classification Classification History of classification Aristotle (350B.C.) placed all known organisms into two groups animals & plants

  8. Classification Classification History of classification Carolus Linnaeus (1750) father of taxonomy classified organisms by physical & structural similarities places organisms into Species places species into Genera introduced binomial nomenclature written in Latin (Genus, species)

  9. Classification Classification Correctly naming organisms scientifically First name: Genus (First letter CAPITALIZED) second name: Species (all lower case) underline (if hand written) or italicized (computer) ex: Eastern grey squirrel Sciurus carolinensis

  10. Classification Classification classification provides a framework in which to study the relationships among living and extinct species

  11. Classification Evolutionary Relationships structural similarities many shared physical structures provide evidence of close relationship and common ancestry ex: Lynx & Bobcat

  12. Classification Evolutionary Relationships structural similarities ex: dandelion & sunflower

  13. Classification Evolutionary Relationships geographical distribution location of a species help determine relationship with other species ex: finches on the Galapogos

  14. Classification Evolutionary Relationships chromosomal comparison chromosome number and shape ex: cauliflower, cabbage, kale, broccoli chromosomes are almost identical

  15. Classification Evolutionary Relationships biochemistry looks at DNA and similar proteins ex: horseshoe crab originally classified with Crustacea

  16. Classification Evolutionary Relationships ex: horseshoe crab originally classified with Crustacea better classified as Arachnida

  17. Classification Evolutionary Relationships Breeding behavior mating calls or mating periods ex: frogs, birds

  18. Classification Evolutionary Relationships developing the evolutionary history of an organism is phylogeny

  19. Classification Evolutionary Relationships phylogeny of all life

  20. Classification Evolutionary Relationships cladogram model shows evolutionary relationships between organisms

  21. Classification D Evolutionary Relationships cladogram model E C B A

  22. Classification Taxonomic Hierarchy Domain – broadest classification Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species – most specific sometimes -subspecies (animals), varieties (plants) strains (bacteria) D K P C O F G S

  23. Classification Taxonomic Hierarchy classification of human? Domain – Eukarya Kingdom – Anamilia Phylum – Chordata Class – Mammalia Order – Primate Family – Homididae Genus – Homo Species – Sapien Binomial name? Homo sapien

  24. Classification History of Classification 1700’s Aristotle’s system Plantae & Animalia

  25. Classification History of Classification Late 1800’s with the use of the microscope, new kingdom was found Plantae, Animalia & Protista

  26. Classification History of Classification 1950’s New tool - electronmicroscope, new kingdom was found without a nucleus Plantae, Animalia, Protista & Monera (bacteria)

  27. Classification History of Classification 1960’s Biochemical studies showed difference in cell wall composition (split up one of our Kingdoms) Plantae, Animalia, Protista, Monera & Fungi chitin

  28. Classification History of Classification 1990’s Structural and biochemical studies found difference in cell wall of some Monerans Plantae, Animalia, Protista,Archaebacteria, Eubacteria& Fungi peptidoglycan

  29. Classification Current System 3 Domain system developed from looking at ribosomal RNA Bacteria – Eubacteria Archea – Archaebacteria Eukarya – Plants, Animals, Fungi, Protista

  30. Classification Current System 3 Domain system

  31. Classification Tools for classification field guide gives physical description of species may show range (locations it lives in) gives picture of species

  32. Classification Geospiza Platyspiza Certhidea Camarhynchus Tools for classification dichotomous key uses sets of paired (usually opposite) traits to help classify a species

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