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Drill, Physical Training & Physical Education

Drill, Physical Training & Physical Education. 1902, 1933, 1952, 1954, 1970’s & 1980’s. Exam Questions & The 1933 Syllabus. Learning Objectives; 1) Understand the objectives, content and methodology of The 1933 Syllabus . 2) Understand the influence of the second world war. . Recap.

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Drill, Physical Training & Physical Education

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  1. Drill, Physical Training & Physical Education 1902, 1933, 1952, 1954, 1970’s & 1980’s

  2. Exam Questions & The 1933 Syllabus Learning Objectives; 1) Understand the objectives, content and methodology of The 1933 Syllabus. 2) Understand the influence of the second world war.

  3. State Elementary Education

  4. Recap • Objectives • Content • Methodology

  5. What we are interested in . . . • Objectives – aims or intentions of a lesson/syllabus, e.g. Physical or military fitness • Content - The subject matter or activities taught in the lesson, e.g. Weapons drills or games skills • Methodology – The teaching style used for delivery, e.g. Command or problem solving

  6. Task Plan HOW you would answer the following question. eg; Reading the question – any specific methods? With reference to the objectives, content and methodology, critically evaluate the 1902 Model Course. (10 marks)

  7. 1919 syllabus • Just after the WW1. • No public school generation. • Lack of fitness was blamed on the working class. • However Dr George Newman said that the lessons were not to blame and that they were ‘remedial exercises and morale-boosting recreational activities’.

  8. 1930’s Background • Depression – working class unemployed (NO benefits) • 1926 Hadow Report • ‘Syllabus of Physical Training’ – age differentiated +11 • Dr George Newman Taylor • Emphasis on skill and posture. A detailed respected syllabus • Newman stated that good nourishment, hygiene and physical training was required for normal healthy development.

  9. The 1933 syllabus- playground games. • Highly respected

  10. Using background information can you come up with 1933: OBJECTIVES CONTENT METHODOLOGY

  11. Objectives • Physical fitness • Therapeutic effect • Correction of posture faults and defects • Improvement to the circulatory system • Educational – develop alertness and decision making

  12. Content • Athletics, gym and games skills were a feature along with group work • Group work was a central part of the lessons

  13. Methodology Centralised: Teacher using an instructional style of teaching. Children doing the SAME tasks in unison. • Some decentralised parts to lesson • More teacher – pupil interaction. • Group work • Special clothing • 5 x 20 min lessons per week • New facilities • Outdoors recommended • Some specialist PE teachers Decentralised: Teacher using a guided style of teaching. Children working at their OWN pace and answering in OWN style.

  14. Reasons for change - Influence?: • The Second World War (1939 – 1945) • Thinking soldiers = thinking children needed Value of PE (teaching style?)

  15. Reasons for change- Influence?: • Reasons for change: • Destruction of schools/ deterioration of equipment. • Evacuation of children to rural areas. • Male PE teachers enlisted. • Influence: • Commando style training – apparatus • Shift from therapeutic/ medical – value of PE • Modern dance methods • Problem solving approach

  16. 1933 1902: Model Course PE State in Schools – Why Change? 1970 – 1980’s: National Curriculum 1950: Moving & Growing

  17. The 1950’s Moving & Growing (1952) and Planning the Programme (1954) Learning Objectives; 1) Understand the objectives, content and methodology of The Moving & Growing and Planning the Programme.

  18. WW2 1939 - 45

  19. Moving and Growing - 1952Planning the Programme - 1953 • Implemented in primary schools. • Combined army obstacle training and movement training from dance. • Also introduced; Weight training Circuit training Outward bound

  20. Using background information can you come up with 1952/54: OBJECTIVES CONTENT METHODOLOGY

  21. Objectives: • Emphasis on combining; PHYSICAL, SOCIAL, COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT • VARIETY • Physical, intellectual, social and emotional aspects of child development. • Enjoyment in lessons. • PERSONAL SATISFACTION/ACHEIVEMENT • PHYSICAL EDUCATION.

  22. Content: • Agility, playground and major game skills • Educational gymnastics. • Dance and movement to music. • National dances. • Swimming. • Exploratory • Creative • Individual • Fun

  23. Methodology: • Guidance oriented ~ discovery learning. INDIVIDUAL INTERPRETATION • Problem solving approach. • Child-centred learning. • More equipment and apparatus. • Child cantered & enjoyment • Teacher guidance rather than direction • Specialised PE • Full apparatus

  24. Discuss physical activity in State Elementary Schools during the first half of the twentieth century with particular reference to the objectives, content and teaching method of lessons in 1902, 1933 and 1950. • 13

  25. Michael Gove • Secretary of State for Education • https://www.education.gov.uk/schools/teachingandlearning/curriculum/nationalcurriculum2014 • Page 97 – 1970 - 1980

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