ASAS STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI

1. ASAS STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI Universiti Putra Malaysia

2. UNITS: I: Introduction to Comm in Organ II: Basic Comm Skills III: ITP Comm Strategies IV: Group Comm Strategies V: Public Presentation Strategies CONTENTS

3. Unit I

4. Introduction to Comm in Organ Ch1: Comm in Organizations Ch2: Model of Strategic Comm Behavior Ch3: Diversity in Biz & the Professions DETAILS OF UNIT I

5. Ch1: Comm in Organizations “Provides an overview of comm in biz & professional settings. Explains the role of comm in achieving goals & the challenges posed by the new tech., diversification of work force, & the globalization of the marketplace” INTRO TO COMM IN ORGAN: Chapter 1

6. Seven componentsof comm skills • Creative insight • Sensitivity • Vision • Versatility • Focus • Patience • Globalism –global attitude

7. Basic Communication Elements • Source • Message • Channel • Receiver • Others: • Noise, Feedback, Encoding, Decoding

8. 7 Reasons for Comm Failure • Inadequate info • Info overload • Poor-quality info • Poor timing • Lack of feedback • Problems with channels • Cultural barriers

9. Elements of Organizational Culture • Values • Norms • Heroes • Climate • Rites & rituals • Communications • Stories, myths & legends

10. Ch 2: Model of Strategic Comm Behavior “Familiarizing the strategic comm skills, as well as understanding how values and ethics influencing comm activity” INTRO TO COMM IN ORGAN: Chapter 2

11. Areas of Strategic Comm • Goal setting • Situational knowledge • Comm competence • Anxiety management

12. Values & Ethics in Strategic Comm • Values are found in: • Primacy of customer • Honesty & integrity • Respect for other workers • Importance of every person • Maintenance of high professional standards • Fair treatment; Quality service • Innovative thinking; Creativity • Reliance on ethical standards

13. Values & Ethics in Strategic Comm • Ethical guidelines are: • Maintain candor -truth, honest & frank in comm • Keep message accurate • Avoid deception • Keep confidences • Timeliness of comm • Confronting unethical behavior • Maintain consistent behavior • Cultivate empathic listening

14. Setting A Communication Goal The process: i.) Identify the challenge/problem ii.) Map out a strategy iii.) Set a performance goal iv.) Identify resources v.) Recognize contingency vi.) Obtain feedback

15. Obtain feedback Recognize contingency Identify resources Set a performance goal Map out strategy Identify challenge Goal setting process

16. ‘Understanding’ an organization The importance: • ‘A general who possesses the strength of arms will have an equal chance of winning & losing in any battle.. • However, a general who possesses the strength of arms and the knowledge of his enemy will have an absolute chance of winning in every battle! (by: ???)

17. ‘Understanding’ an organization Among other ways are: • Adaptive learning • Understanding organizational values • Developing specific k’ledge of the organization • Observing successes and failures

18. Political Strategies in Comm • Trading favors • Controlling the meeting agenda • Associating with the ‘right’ people • Building coalitions of ‘friendly’ people • Assuming seating with powerful people • Appearing at official functions & meetings • Sensitive to dress codes – ‘dress makes a man!’ • Adhering to favorable policies of powerful people

19. 5 Dimensions of An Ideal Comm Climate • Supportiveness • Participative decision makings • Trust, confidence, & credibility • Openness & candor (frankness) • High performance goals

20. Ensuring The Competencyof Your Messages • Be specific • Be accurate • Be honest • Be logical • Be complete • Be succinct – brief • Be relevant • Be timely • Ask for feedbacks • Within the time frames

21. Organizational Comm in General Generally, there are only 2 types: • Internal • Downward communication • Upward communication • Horizontal communication • Informal ‘networks’ • External

22. Organizational Comm in General: Internal Communication • Messages that are sent and received within an organizational boundaries of a company are called ‘internal communication’.

23. Organizational Comm in General: Internal Communication • Downward (superior to subordinate): • Job instructions – be specific! • Job rationale –always explain why… • Procedures & practices – fair & just • Feedbacks – always acknowledge efforts • Goals’ indoctrination – make it obvious; print them out and hang them up on the walls!

24. Organizational Comm in General: Internal Communication • Upward (subordinate to superior): • Msgs reflect’g employee performance. • Msgs reveal’g infos about other employees. • Msgs report’g on activities & tasks associated with goal accomplishment. • Msgs communicating attitudes & understand’g of organizational practices and policies.

25. Organizational Comm in General: Internal Communication • Horizontal (same hierarchical level): • Facilitating problem solving. • Information sharing. • Coordinating tasks. • Enhancing morale – sympathy / empathy. • Concerted conflict solving • The challenges are: • (1) Territoriality (2) Specialization (3) Lack of Motivation

26. Organizational Comm in General: Internal Communication • Informal ‘networks’ (known as grapevine): • Travels fast • Travels by clusters • Carries much information • Common channel for rumors • Generally accurate information • Occurs on every hierarchical level • Indication of attitudes & sentiments

27. Organizational Comm in General: External Communication • Messages that are exchanged beyond an organizational boundaries of a company are called ‘external communication’.

28. Organizational Comm in General: External Communication • Among others are: • Newsletters • Annual reports • Advertisements • Acknowledgements • Notices, Tenders, etc.

29. Organizational Comm in General: External Communication • Guidelines for selecting channel: • Speed • Accuracy • Feedback • Selectivity • Appropriateness • Cost and price • Accountability • Acceptability – risky jokes are not for superior! • [end of Ch. 2]

30. Ch 3: Diversity in Biz & the Professions “Your ability in understanding and managing differences among people.” INTRO TO COMM IN ORGAN: Chapter 3

31. Sources of Diversity • Genders • Age gaps • Ethnicities • Physical abilities • Intellectual abilities • Religious beliefs • Sexual orientations

32. Managing Diversity • Non-judgmental attitudes • Respect for yourself & others • Practice flexibility; tolerance of ambiguity • Low ethnocentrism – (excessive belief in the superiority of own culture) • Competent understanding upon matters of procedures, restrictions, rules, regulations, legalities, acts, constitutional, etc.

33. Wassalamualaikum & Terima kasih