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Water Pollution

Water Pollution. G. Tyler Miller’s Living in the Environment 13 th Edition Chapter 19. Dr. Richard Clements Chattanooga State Technical Community College Modified by Charlotte Kirkpatrick. Key Concepts. Types, sources, and effects of water pollutants.

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Water Pollution

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  1. Water Pollution G. Tyler Miller’s Living in the Environment 13th Edition Chapter 19 Dr. Richard Clements Chattanooga State Technical Community College Modified by Charlotte Kirkpatrick

  2. Key Concepts • Types, sources, and effects of water pollutants • Major pollution problems of surface water • Major pollution problems of groundwater • Reduction and prevention of water pollution • Drinking water quality

  3. Types and Sources of Water Pollution Fig. 19-3 p. 485 • Point sources Refer to Tables 19-1 and 19-2 p. 484 and 485 • Nonpoint sources • Biological oxygen demand • Water quality

  4. Point and Nonpoint Sources NONPOINT SOURCES Rural homes Cropland Urban streets Animal feedlot POINT SOURCES Suburban development Factory Wastewater treatment plant Fig. 19-4 p. 486

  5. Pollution of Streams • Oxygen sag curve • Factors influencing recovery Fig. 19-5 p. 488

  6. Pollution of Lakes Fig. 19-7 p. 491 • Eutrophication • Slow turnover • Thermal stratification

  7. Pollution of Lakes Fig. 19-7 p. 491

  8. Case Study: The Great Lakes Fig. 19-8 p. 492

  9. Groundwater Pollution: Sources • Cold temperatures • Low flow rates • Few bacteria Hazardous waste injection well Pesticides Coal strip mine runoff De-icing road salt Buried gasoline and solvent tank Cesspool septic tank Pumping well Gasoline station Waste lagoon Water pumping well Sewer Landfill Leakage from faulty casing Accidental spills Discharge Unconfined freshwater aquifer Confined aquifer Fig. 19-10 p. 494 Confined freshwater aquifer Groundwater flow

  10. Groundwater Pollution Prevention • Monitoring aquifers • Leak detection systems • Strictly regulating hazardous waste disposal • Storing hazardous materials above ground

  11. AP IQ #1 What does BOD measure? What is the result of an excess amount of nitrates? What does the Q-value do? Which federal law provided for a fund to clean up massive toxic spills? • Who likes chocolate?

  12. Ocean Pollution Fig. 19-12 p. 498

  13. Case Study: Chesapeake Bay Fig. 19-14 p. 500 • Largest US estuary • Relatively shallow • Slow “flushing” action to Atlantic • Major problems with dissolved O2

  14. Oil Spills • Sources: offshore wells, tankers, pipelines and storage tanks • Effects: death of organisms, loss of animal insulation and buoyancy, smothering • Significant economic impacts • Mechanical cleanup methods: skimmers and blotters • Chemical cleanup methods: coagulants and dispersing agents

  15. Solutions: Preventing and Reducing Surface Water Pollution Nonpoint Sources Point Sources • Reduce runoff • Clean Water Act • Buffer zone vegetation • Water Quality Act • Reduce soil erosion

  16. Technological Approach: Septic Systems • Require suitable soils and maintenance Fig. 19-16 p. 504

  17. Technological Approach: Sewage Treatment: Primary and Secondary • Mechanical and biological treatment Fig. 19-17p. 504

  18. Technological Approach: Advanced Sewage Treatment • Removes specific pollutants Fig. 19-18p. 505

  19. Technological Approach: Using Wetlands to Treat Sewage Fig. 19-19p. 506

  20. Drinking Water Quality Fig. 19-11 p. 495 • Bottled water • Safe Drinking Water Act • Maximum contaminant levels • http://www.fountainvalley.org/government/departments/publicworks/waterqualityreport2006.pdf

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