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Climate of Hong Kong

Climate of Hong Kong. The weather chart symbols. Anticyclone. Area of high pressure Characteristics: Isobars are circular Pressure is highest at the centre and decreases away from it Winds are weak Air sinks at the centre and winds has a clockwise direction. Weather conditions.

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Climate of Hong Kong

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  1. Climate of Hong Kong

  2. The weather chart symbols

  3. Anticyclone • Area of high pressure • Characteristics: • Isobars are circular • Pressure is highest at the centre and decreases away from it • Winds are weak • Air sinks at the centre and winds has a clockwise direction

  4. Weather conditions • Occurs in winter • Skies are clear and air is dry • It is cool at night and warm during the day • Light winds from the northeast • Weather is calm and fine

  5. Ridge of high pressure • A tongue-shaped area of high pressure • Extend from a high pressure centre • Characteristics: • Occurs in winter and early spring • Looks like a tongue • Winds blows outwards from a ridge

  6. Weather condition • Fig.21.4 • Weather is fine and calm • The temperature was 160C • Wind from south-east • 2.5 m/s

  7. Tropical cyclone/typhoon • A very low pressure system • Characteristics • Pressure at centre below 1000 hPa • Isobars are circular and closely spaced • Winds blow anticlockwise and inwards (northern hemisphere) • Heavy downpour and thunderstorm

  8. Overcast skies and cumulonimbus clouds • Eye is characterised by sinking air and fine weather • Dies when it moves inland • When warm moist air is cut off • Mountain barriers increase the friction of movement

  9. Weather of approaching typhoon • Weather is fine • Some high clouds • Temperature and humidity are high • Winds are light or calm • Pressure falls

  10. Front vortex arrived in HK • Weather is getting worse • Rainfall increases with heavy downpours • Air pressure drops rapidly • Wind from NE, NW to E. • Wind speed is high • Relative humidity is high

  11. Eye over HK • A period of fine weather • No rain and few clouds • Wind is light or calm • Air pressure is the lowest

  12. Eye moves away • Weather is bad • Wind direction is reversed and changed to southwest • Wind is strong • Rainfall increases • Air pressure rises rapidly

  13. Typhoon has passed: • Weather is better • Sky no longer overcast • Rainfall gradually stops • Temperature and pressure rises to normal again

  14. Trough of low pressure • A tongue-shaped area of LP • Extending out from a low pressure centre • Characteristics • Narrow zone of low pressure • Wind blows to the axis of trough

  15. Weather conditions • Occurs in late spring and early summer • The pressure falls • Temperature and relative humidity rise • Rising of air in the trough • Unsettled weather with heavy rain

  16. Cold front • A front is a surface between two different air masses. • The cold air is advancing when it meets warm air

  17. Characteristics • Cold air moved beneath the warm air • Warm air is forced to rise • Bad weather is resulted • Develop in winter and early spring when the cold air flow outward from an anticyclone

  18. Before cold front arrives at HK • Weather is relatively warm • Fine weather and little cloud cover • Calm or light winds blowing onshore • Relatively low air pressure

  19. Cold front arrived • Temperature begins to fall • Relative humidity increases • Light to heavy rain falls • What type of rain is formed? • Describe the processes taking place along the cold front………

  20. Cyclonic rain formed • It is cyclonic / frontal rain • Wind speed increases • Wind direction changes from S to north • Air pressure rises

  21. Cold front has passed • Under the influence of an anticyclone • Temperature drops a few degrees • Clear sky • Relative humidity is low / air dry • Off-shore winds blow from N to NE • Air pressure is high • Cold dry weather

  22. Depression • A depression is an area of low pressure • Characteristics • Develop over China in summer • Gentle winds blow inward in an anticlockwise direction (N. Hemp)

  23. Weather conditions • Air is warm and wet • Cloudy with showers, sometimes heavy downpours • Thunderstorms • Sunny periods separated by showers

  24. Factors influencing the climate of HK

  25. 1. The Asian monsoon system • Winter monsoon • Temperature is low in N China • Pressure is high over N China • Pressure is low over the ocean/Australia • Winds blow from high pressure area to low pressure area • HK has offshore winds

  26. HK is cool in winter • The sky is sunny with little cloud • Rainfall is little • Relative humidity is low • Strong NE winds

  27. Summer monsoon • Temperature is high in Asian continent • Low pressure develops • But high pressure develops over warmer ocean • Winds blow from the ocean to the land • HK has onshore winds

  28. HK is hot in summer • Most rain falls in summer with heavy downpours • Light winds blow from SE to SW direction • High relative humidity

  29. 2. latitude • Located on the latitude 22o20’N

  30. 3. Nearness to the sea • The sea makes the climate humid • Annual temperature range moderate

  31. 4. relief • Highland in HK causes relief rain in the eastern part • Lower rainfall in the western part

  32. The four seasons

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