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Chapter 5 Relationships Between Lawyers and Clients. A. Formation of the “lawyer-client” (or is it “client-lawyer”?) relationship. A. Formation. Choosing clients U.K. “cab rank” rule . U.S. rejects. Free to decline for any/no reason.
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Chapter 5 Relationships Between Lawyers and Clients A. Formation of the “lawyer-client” (or is it “client-lawyer”?) relationship
A. Formation • Choosing clients • U.K. “cab rank” rule. • U.S. rejects. Free to decline for any/no reason. 1.2(b) representation not endorsementof the client’s political, economic, social or moral views or activities.
A. Formation • Choosing clients • L preferences? • only mothers or only fathers? Color of hair, eyes, demeanor • S/ no expertise; advise C of other options? (pro se, DIY, someone else is better?) • Possible consequences if get in over one’s head?
Choosing C’s pp. 281-83 S/ NO prior experience in field; Tell C, bill for self-study? RPC 1.1 Cmts. 1-2 Atty. Grievance Comm. Of Md. v. Manger (Md. 2006) n. 2 p. 282 (securities L undertook divorce & custody, $25K bill! indefinite suspension) S/ New L, hung out shingle. • When is self-education feasible?
2. Offering advice as basis for C/L relationship pp. 285-93 “undertake” agree or failure to decline effectively Rstmt. §14(1), supp. p. 257 Broad concept “putative Cs” or “accidental C’s” Agency law: C is principal, L is agent Togstad: informational burden on agent as more sophisticated party to relationship
Togstad vs. Veseley(MN ’80)pp. 286-93 Case w/in case: Underlying medical malpractice by Dr. Blake; 1 hour delay in treating. Medmalπ expert: Negligence of Blake & hospital direct cause of injury. Proced’l: Appeal from entry of jury verdict for plaintiffs, LM $650K Issue: did L Miller owe DUTY to Togstads? Contrast πtestimony to Δ L/Miller pp. 287-889
Breach? EW required where LM negligence claim. Also a K claim? Battle of Experts pp. 289-90 1. π Green? 2. Δ-1 McNulty? 3. ***Δ-2 Hvass?
Held, evidencesufficient to sustain $650K verdict. pp. 290-91 1. Duty:Mrs. T went for legal advice, reasonably believed it was given, not qualified by stating he lacked expertise and she reasonably relied upon, injury foreseeable.Mr. T also a C. 2. Breach: under circumstances (time since injury) duty to inform of applicable limitations period. 3. Actual & proximate cause: Miller was wrong, πs proved that would have recovered from Dr. & Hosp. if suit timely filed. (case w/in case) 4. Damages proven w/ sufficient certainty, recoverable from medical providers. (see damage allocation p. 290) 5. Rejected judgmental immunity defense (mere error of judgment)
Takeaway: when free initial consult What is minimum a lawyer should do under these circumstances? *** N. 6, pp. 292-93 Ethics 20/20 revised 1.18 Duties to Prospective Client (a) A person who discussesconsults with a lawyer about the possibility of forming a C-L relationship with respect to a matter is a prospective C. Draft “letter of non-engagement”
Jones v. Barnes (1983) pp. 338-44 I: 6th Amend. Can Δinsist that appointed indigent defense Lraise on appeal every non-frivolous issuehe wants? Held, no ineffective assistance; in criminal appeal L has authority to exercise professional judgment on best legal arguments; and filed C’s pro se briefs, complied w/ Anders. N.B. Re Constitutional standard, NOT ethical. Indigent C’s often mistrust their L’s.
D. Who calls the shots1. Competent adult C : 1.2(a) + 1.4 C: objectives of representation, after required consultation w/ L so C can make informed consent (IC) per 1.0(e), 1.4 supp. pp. 12-16 L: means by which objectives to be pursued List, 2d sent. RPC 1.2(a) Distinctions between 1) transactional; 2) civil litig.; criminal defense. “Collaborative joint venture model”