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Olaf Scholten For the NuMoon collaboration KVI, Groningen

Ultra-High Energy Cosmic ray and Neutrino Physics using the Moon. Olaf Scholten For the NuMoon collaboration KVI, Groningen. Physics of Cosmic rays. 10 4. Spectrum is power law Flux ~ E -3 Non thermal spectrum! There must be sources! Where? What? End point? This talk:

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Olaf Scholten For the NuMoon collaboration KVI, Groningen

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  1. Ultra-High Energy Cosmic ray and Neutrino Physics using the Moon Olaf Scholten For the NuMoon collaboration KVI, Groningen Hamburg 2008

  2. Physics of Cosmic rays 104 Spectrum is power law Flux ~ E-3 Non thermal spectrum! There must be sources! Where? What? End point? This talk: Measurement at highest E (Area Moon = 2 107 km2) ← 1 [m-2 s-1] E-2.7 ← 32 orders of magnitude  F(E) [ m2 sr s GeV ] -1 UHECR  1 [km-2 y-1] ← 12 orders of magnitude  10-28 109 1021 E [eV ] Hamburg 2008

  3. Principle of the measurement Cosmic ray or neutrino Detection: LOFAR 107 km2 100MHz Radio waves Hamburg 2008

  4. ~2 m Cosmic ray or neutrino ~10 cm shower Wave front Askaryan effect: Coherent Cherenkov emission • Leading cloud of electrons, v  c Typical size of order 10cm Coherent Čerenkov for ν 2-5 GHz cos θc =1/n , θc=56o for ∞ shower length • Length of shower, L  few m Important for angular spreading nano second pulses Hamburg 2008

  5. NuMoon Experiment @ WSRT Use Westerbork radio observatory 4 frequencies Hamburg 2008

  6. 18 TB raw data per 6 hr slot Time Frequency Excise RFI Trigger + dedispersion Hamburg 2008 Trigger: pulse in all four frequency bands

  7. Trigger Power Spectrum Effect successive steps in analysis Gaussian noise Hamburg 2008

  8. Prelimenary Results Analysis of 20 h data Data taking is continuing NuMoon collaboration: O.S., Stijn Buitink, Heino Falcke, Ben Stappers, Kalpana Singh, Richard Strom Hamburg 2008

  9. Future: LOFAR LOFAR Core 1 month E-LOFAR, 1 year SKA, 1 year, LFB: 100-300 MHz MFB: 300-500 MHz From: O.S., SKA Design Study report Hamburg 2008

  10. Conclusions Detection of Ultra-High Enegy cosmic rays & neutrinos Physics: What are the sources? Challenge: implement real-time trigger in CEP LOFAR as observer of short (n-sec) intermittent pulses. Hamburg 2008

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