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RELEC project ( R elativistic ELEC trons ). Space and balloon studies. particles. Geostationary. Satellites. Ionosphere. Low altitudes. Balloons. Atmosphere. Arctic. Antarctic. History of the problem. Discovery of electron radiation belts onboard ELECTRON satellites in 60’s.
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Space and balloon studies particles Geostationary Satellites Ionosphere Low altitudes Balloons Atmosphere Arctic Antarctic
History of the problem • Discovery of electron radiation belts onboard ELECTRON satellites in 60’s. • MAXIS (1996) experiment onboard balloons, Kiruna. High-energy electrons>500 keV dropouts: Registered at low altitudes flux -5 х 1025particles for eight days. Total number of trapped electrons – 2 х 1025.
9 7 5 3 L Probability of microburst 0 6 12 18 24 MLT The short bursts (~100 ms) of precipitated electrons usually observed at the night-side of trapping boundary. (SAMPEX results).
Precipitation of ~100 keV electrons from radiation belts measured in SAMPEX experiment.
Objective of the work • The investigation of relativistic electrons precipitation using data of near-polar satellites. • Modeling of acceleration processes and dropout of energetic electrons in process of radial diffusion and interaction with electromagnetic waves in configuration-dynamic magnetosphere.
Tasks • Identification of RE events and database on these measurements creation using Coronas-I, Coronas-F, Universitetsky-Tatyana satellites, MIR station data and others. • Analysis and classification of RE using balloon experiments. • Investigation of space-time characteristics of RE events in the problems of magnetospheric activity and magnetosphere configuration.
Project features • Joint investigations of RE onboard satellites and registration of gamma (X-rays) in atmosphere. • Registration of RE in wide energy range (up to 10 MeV and more). Time resolution is ~100 ms. Obtaining of spectral and pitch-angle distributions. • Registration of low fluxes of RE using large geometry factor detectors. • Simultaneous registration of RE, X-rays and UV rays from atmosphere.
Electrons 0.2 – 10 MeV > 10 MeV > 0.3 MeV Protons 0.3 – 60 MeV > 50 MeV 3 – 150 MeV >150 MeV Gamma 0.05 – 1.0 MeV Neutron 0.1 – 30 MeV X-rays 10 – 100 keV UV 300-400 nm
TOTAL RELEC characteristics Mass 27 kg. Power36 W. Data flow10-20 Mb/day.
Other geophysical and space-physics problems can be solved using the same devices • Lithosphere-ionosphere connections (earthquakes) • Atmosphere-ionosphere connections (thunderstorms) Technical applications • Dosimetry and SEU (single event upsets) problem taking into account neutron component of radiation.
Participants PI SINP MSU Co-PI Lebedev PhIAS Radiation measurement SINP MSU (Russia, Ukraine) Low-frequency waves IKI RAS (Russia, GB, France, Ukraine) High-frequency waves SRC PAS (Poland, Sweden) Dosimetry SINP MSU (Russia, Ukraine, Germany) Ground complex (Balloons) PhIAS (Russia, Germany)
Possible ways of cooperation: • Participation in experiment • Coordinated measurements • Data analysis and interpretation