Reproductive System

1. Reproductive System What is the purpose of the reproductive system?

3. Male Reproductive System sperm testes First, ________ are produced in the small seminiferous tubules of the ______. These oval-shaped glands are protected by a sac called the __________. After the sperm cells are produced, they are stored in a large coiled tube on the outer surface of each testicle called the ___________. From this tube the sperm go into a larger tube called the ___________, which eventually carries them to the external male reproductive organ, the ________. Along the way sperm is nourished by a sugary fluid from the ______________, a chemical fluid from the ____________ which is the most common site of cancer in men, and fluid from the __________ which are 2 small glands located near the bladder. scrotum epididymis Vas deferens penis Cowper’s gland prostate Seminal vesicles

4. semen orgasm These fluids plus the sperm cells combine to form _________, the fluid ejaculated from the penis during __________. Before a male can ejaculate, the spongy tissue surrounding the penis becomes engorged with blood causing the penis to become stiff and hard. This is known as an _______. The tube that carries the semen from the body is the ________. This tube also carries ________ from the bladder. Males can also have uncontrolled ejaculation during sleep, which are called ______________________. erection urethra urine Nocturnal emissions

6. Male Function • bladder- stores urine • Seminal vesicle- produces fluid that provides energy for the sperm • Prostate gland- produces fluid that protects the sperm • Cowper’s gland- produces fluid that lubricates the urethra • Testes- produces sperm and testosterone • Skip • Urethra- carries urine and sperm out of body • Penis- male sex organ • Vas deferens- carries sperm to the glands • Epididymis- stores sperm for 2-3 days

7. Male Reproduction System Problems Hernia- occurs when part of an organ pushes through an opening of a membrane or muscle. You will need surgery to get it removed.

8. Sterility Condition in which a person is unable to reproduce. Can be caused by: Mumps Smoking STD’s Exposure to chemicals

9. Understanding Cancer Cancer is a disease that begins in the cells

10. Cell Mutation

11. Some of the more common sites in the body for cancer to grow are: Lungs Breasts (for women) Colon Prostate gland and testicles (for men)

12. Cancer of the testes It is the most common form of cancer in men under age 35.

13. Testicular cancer is rare. The age group most affected by testicular cancer is fifteen to thirty-five year olds. Testicular cancer is highly curable if discovered early. Most testicular cancer is detected by the man himself and may present as a painless or uncomfortable lump. The most effective means of early detection is monthly Testicular Self Exam (TSE).

14. Warning Signs Cancerous lumps are usually found on the sides of the testicle but can also show up on the front Feeling of heaviness in the testicle Testicular pain or dull ache in the groin Mass or lump (may be painless or slightly uncomfortable) Any change in size of one or both testes Sudden collection of fluid or blood in the scrotum Swelling or tenderness elsewhere in the body: groin, breast or neck

15. What’s NOT a Risk Factor Impact injuries Sexually transmitted diseases

16. Cancer of the prostate Diagnosed by a doctor- can be treated if localized in the gland and treated early. Surgical removal of the prostate, radiation therapy, hormone therapy are treatments.

17. Epididymitis inflammation of the epididymis, is usually caused by an infection, such as the std chlamydia, and results in pain and swelling next to one of the testicles.

20. egg cells The Female Reproduction System ovaries ovulation ovum Fallopian tubes uterus First, _______are produced in two almond shaped organs known as the _____. During the process of _________, a mature egg ______ is released and enters one of two _________. For a few days the egg cell travels towards the pear- shaped _____. The lining of this organ thickens in preparation for a fertilized egg. If the egg is not fertilized by the male _______, It will leave the body together with the lining of the uterus (endometrium) and a small amount of blood. This is called _________. sperm cell menstruation

21. cervix vagina The lower portion of the uterus is called the _____and is a common site of cancer in women. The female organ of intercourse is the ______. A circular fold of skin is usually present at the entrance to this organ and is called the ______. Outside of this organ are folds of skin covered with pubic hair known as the _____. Between these skin folds is a small, round, sensitive area of skin called the ________. The development of the reproductive system is triggered by the hormones ________ and ___________, which cause many physical changes in a girl. This period of change is called __________. hymen labia clitoris estrogen progesterone puberty

22. Fallopian Tubes- carries eggs • Ovaries- produces and release egg cell • Endometrium- lining of the uterus, sheds monthly • Uterus- muscular organ, holds baby • Cervix- base of uterus, dilates when baby is born • Vagina- muscular, birth canal

24. Premenstrual Syndrome -PMS Symptoms include nervous tension, anxiety, irritability, bloating, weight gain, depression, mood swings, and fatigue. Can be treated with hormone therapy.

25. Breast Cancer Most common cancer and the second leading cause of death for women. The American Cancer Society recommends that females examine their breasts once a month, right after the menstrual period. Early detection is critical for successful treatment of breast cancer. Cervical Cancer • The most common cause of cervical cancer is HPV.

26. Toxic Shock Syndrome- TSS Women age 15-19 most frequent victims, risk to women using tampons. Signs of TSS include aching muscles, bloodshot eyes, sore throat, sudden high fever, vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness, fainting, rash.

27. Endometriosis Uterine tissue grows outside the uterus, often appearing on the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and in the abdominal cavity.