Islamic Architecture Note Cards

1. Islamic Architecture Note Cards Nick leshinski

2. Dome of the Rock 2s 149 • Oldest standing Monument • Said to be the place Muhammad ascended to heavan • Lower story is octagonal • Dome is supported by four pillars and 12 columns • The dome has 16 windows

3. Dome of the Rock 2Q 149 • “the earliest existing monument of Moslem architecture stands on the site from which Mohammed is said to have made his night journey to heavan”

4. Mosque 2s 149 • Great mosques in Iraq had “archlesscolandes” • Pillars were taken from buildings made before • Hellenistic temples turned into mosques • Had tall towers called minarets and walls that enclose the mosque • Mosques were the focal point of the islamic brother hood • Some mosques were not roofed • There was elaborate architecture in the entrances • Mirab shows direction of Mecca • Minbar – raised desks that holds koran(stairs lead up to it)

5. Mschata 2P 150 • A zigzaging line with rosettes placed symmetrically . There are also intricate floral scrolls in the background

6. Mschata 2S 151 • Square walls enclosed palace • Towers in all corners • 5 semi circular towers on each wall

7. IbnTulun Mosque 2S 152 • Had nomadic influence • Made of brick • Inside walls was a well • Minaret used as a landmark for travelers • Fortifications were decorative and not functional • Arches were geometrical and sophisticated

8. Alhambra 2S 158 • Had running water and court yards with shade • Used stabctite, a method for ceilings that used multiple successive layers of brick used • Used same method for dome and carved patterns in brick • Lion fountain in courtyard with running water

9. Bagdad 2S 151 • Had most influential architecture in Islamic world • City made out of 3 round walls • In center was palace and mosque • Palace had tunnel vaulted walls and green dome

10. Qairawan Tower 2S 150 • Huge minaret tower on center of wall • Land mark indicated shelter for travalers

11. Alhambra 4S 1 • Built by emirs in Spain • Had some Byzantine influence • Columns in some chambers • Calligraphy featured throughout palace • Christians altered it with renaissance style architecture • The French destroyed some towers • Had stalactite ceilings • Had many fountains, streams, and gardens

12. Moorish Architecture 5S 1 • Great mosque at Cordoba has striking architecture • Alhambra built in this style • This style has many Arabic inscriptions and arabesque design work • Has roots in in Umayyad architecture

13. Ottoman Architecture 5S 1 • Inspired by Hagia Sofia in Constantinople • Most mosques in turkey built in this style • Used Byzantinian, Persian, and Syrian design • Mastered making large interior spaces by making large domes • Used vaults, domes, semi domes, and columns • Mosques in this style were bigger than any before

14. Indo- Islamic Architecture 5S 1 • Famous example: TajMahal • TajMahal used inlaid precious stones • Buildings were completly symmetrical • Shah Jahan’s Sarcophagus in room below main floor • Red fort and Agra fort are huge and castle like

15. Fatamid Architecture 5S 1 • Used Tulunid techniques and materials • Decoration of building was large part of ceremonies • Made elaborate funerary monuments

16. Azerbaijani Architecture 5S 1 • Had Nakchivan and Shirvan- Absheron schools of architecture • Shirvan- Absheron school used stone in construction • Nakchivan school used bricks • Shirvan- Absheron used asymmetric paterns carved in stone

17. Elements of Islamic Style 5S 1 • Minarets-tall towers for prayer • Domes • Geometric patterns • Islamic Calligraphy • Central fountains • Bright colors