Weather and Climate

1. Weather and Climate Chapter 2: Understanding Weather Mrs. Fantuzzo 2008-2009

2. DO NOW: List the four parts to the water cycle.

3. DO NOW: List the four parts to the water cycle.

4. Section 1: Objectives • Explain how water moves through the water cycle. • Describe how relative humidity is affected by temperature and levels of water vapor. • Describe the relationship between dew point and condensation. • List three types of cloud forms. • Identify four kinds of precipitation.

5. Explain how water moves through the water cycle. • We need to understand 4 terms: • Precipitation- • Runoff- • Evaporation- • Condensation-

6. Explain how water moves through the water cycle. • Precipitation • Def: occurs when rain, snow, sleet, or hail falls from the clouds onto Earth’s surface. • Runoff • Def: Water, usually from precipitation, that flows across land, and collects in rivers, streams, and eventually the ocean. • Evaporation • Def: occurs when liquid water changes into water vapor, which is a gas. • Condensation • Def: occurs when water vapor cools and changes from a gas to a liquid. Clouds form by this process.

8. Describe how relative humidity is affected by temperature and levels of water vapor. • First we need to understand these terms: • Humidity- the amount of water vapor in the air *The airs ability to hold water vapor depends on the temperature. • As temp. INCREASES, the amount of water vapor that can be held in the air INCREASES. • Relative Humidity- the ratio of the amount of water vapor in the air to the maximum amount of water vapor the air can hold at a set temperature.

9. Describe how relative humidity is affected by temperature and levels of water vapor. SATURATED UNSATURATED

10. Describe how relative humidity is affected by temperature and levels of water vapor. Sample Problem 1. Count the number of people in the room _____2. Count the number of seats in the room _____ How saturated is our classroom today?Number of people in the room x 100 = % of saturation Number of seats in the room

11. Describe how relative humidity is affected by temperature and levels of water vapor. • Math Practice • Assume that 1 m3 of air at 25 C contains 11 g of water vapor. At this temperature, the air can hold 24 g/m3 of water vapor. Calculate the relative humidity of the air. Formula: Actual water vapor content (g/m3) x 100= Relative Humidity (%)Saturation water vapor content (g/m3)

12. Describe the relationship between dew point and condensation. • Mini Experiment on Wednesday

13. List the three types of cloud forms • Cumulus- puffy, white clouds; flat bottoms • Altocumulus- (middle altitude cumulus clouds) • Cumulonimbus- (cumulus clouds that produce precip.) • Stratocumulus- (mixture of stratus/cumulus) • Cirrocumulus- (high altitude cumulus clouds) • Stratus- layered, cover a lot of area • Nimbostratus- (stratus clouds that produce precip.) • Stratocumulus- (mixture of stratus/cumulus) • Altostratus- (middle altitude stratus clouds) • Cirrostratus- (high altitude stratus clouds) • Cirrus- made of ice crystals; only found in high altitudes

14. List the three types of clouds

15. List the three types of clouds Stratocumulus Cumulus Stratus Cirrus Cumulonimbus

16. Identify four types of precipitation

17. Homework Options • 1. Create a cloud model- using cotton balls make a model of at least 4 different cloud combinations. Include labels! • 2. On paper, recreate Figure 6 on page 43. Include all labels and definitions of each cloud type and prefix. • 3. Write a short story describing the travel of a water molecule from the moment it evaporates to the moment it returns to the sea. Include a picture if you wish.