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Using Protégé-2000 in Reuse Processes. H. Sofia Pinto sofia@gia.ist.utl.pt Duarte Nuno Peralta duarte@gia.ist.utl.pt Nuno J. Mamede Nuno.Mamede@inesc-id.pt. Outline. Context of Experiment Building Process Translator Analysis Conclusions & Future Work. Context of Experiment.
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Using Protégé-2000 in Reuse Processes H. Sofia Pinto sofia@gia.ist.utl.pt Duarte Nuno Peralta duarte@gia.ist.utl.pt Nuno J. MamedeNuno.Mamede@inesc-id.pt
Outline • Context of Experiment • Building Process • Translator Analysis • Conclusions & Future Work
Context of Experiment • Development of ontologies • NL Dialogue System • Ticket vending machine for bus terminal • Protégé-2000 • Locally installed • Large community of users • Very good and efficient technical support
Building Process … Simple-Time Source code Simple-Time Conceptual model Ontolingua Server Reverse Engineering Analysis Lost & Misplaced Knowledge Technical evaluation Simple-Time Analysis Tempo-Simples Taxonomy, relations & functions, NL expressions, axioms Tempo-Simples taxonomy, relations & functions Correction NL translation & Extension Tempo-Simples taxonomy Importing from Ontolingua Rearrangement & Extension Simple-Time OKBC code …
… Time-Point No slots Is-a Calendar-Year Year-of Problems after Importing • Knowledge lost: • Relations and some functions • Axioms • Minimum cardinality constraints • Misplaced knowledge • Functions (define-relation Meets (?time-range-1 ?time-range-2) “...” :iff-def (Equals (End-Time-Of ?time-range-1) (Start-Time-Of ?time-range-2))) (Define-Function Year-Of (?Time-Point) :-> ?Year “..." :Def (And (Time-Point ?Time-Point) (Year-Number ?Year)))
Rearrangement & Extension Time-Point Time-Point Year-of max.card = 1 No slots Month-of max.card = 1 Universal-Time-Spec Year-of min.card = 1 Universal-Time-Spec Day-of max.card = 1 ... Year-of max.card = 1 Month-of min.card = 1 Hour-of max.card = 1 Month-of max.card = 1 ... ... ... Equals max.card = 1 ... ... …
Analysis Simple-Time … • Analysis of conceptual model & source code • Overall perspective • Language conformity (syntax) • Technical verification [Goméz-Pérez99] • Assessment [Goméz-Pérez99]
Analysis Simple-Time Hour-of Day-of ... Time-Point Calendar-Date Calendar-Year Universal-Time-Spec Time-Range Hour-Number Day-Number Year-Number Month-Name Month-of Month-Name-of ... … • Poor hierarchy (define-relation EQUALS (?time-point-1 ?time-point-2) “...” :axiom-def ((=> (and (time-point ?time-point-1) (time-point ?time-point-2)) (<=> (equals ?time-point-1 ?time-point-2) (and ...))) (=> (and (time-range ?time-range-1) (time-range ?time-range-2)) (<=> (equals ?time-range-1 ?time-range-2) (and ...))))) • Duplicate knowledge • Implementation errors
Correction,NL Translation & Extension … • Correction: polymorphic refinement, etc. • NL Translation (defrange ?intervalo1 :FRAME Intervalo-Tempo) (defrange ?intervalo2 :FRAME Intervalo-TempoToca) (forall ?intervalo1 (forall ?intervalo2 (=> (and (Toca ?intervalo1 ?intervalo2) (own-slot-not-null Fim-de ?intervalo1) (own-slot-not-null Inicio-de ?intervalo2)) (= (Fim-de ?intervalo1) (Inicio-de ?intervalo2))))) • Extension: • Axioms • NL expressions: “half an hour”, etc.
Translator Analysis Is-a Is-a Is-a Class Template-slot Own-slot Class Template-slot Class Slot Template-slot Slot Template-slot Own-slot Slot Instance-of Slot Slot Instance-of Instance Instance Thing Slot Instance
Conclusions • Support of Protégé-2000 in a reuse process • Interoperability between ontology building tools • Translator analysis • Protégé-2000 • Intuitive and easy to use • OKBC-tab plug-in helpful for a first draft of the ontology
Future work Improvement of Protégé-2000’s OKBC-tab plug-in Development of more ontologies By reuse processes Using available tools Continue the study of interoperability between other tools