MODULE 4 How to use PubMed

1. MODULE 4 How to use PubMed Part 3 – MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) Instructions This part of the course is a PowerPoint demonstration intended to give a guided tour of the PubMed interface. This part of the module is off-line and is intended as an information resource for reference use. This part of the module should be taken before using the live tutorial on PubMed and does not required a HINARI training password.

2. Logging on to HINARI 1 Before logging into PubMed we can Login to the HINARI website using the URL http://www.who.int/hinari

3. HINARI Log-In 2 We will need to insert our HINARI User ID and Password in the Login box and click on the “Sign On” button.

4. Main HINARI webpage From the main HINARI webpage we can access PubMed from the “Find articles” link in the body of the webpage. Click on Search for HINARI journal articles through PubMed (Medline).

5. PubMed homepage Welcome to the PubMed Homepage. Part 3 of the tutorial will look at MeSH or Medical Subject Headings. To access the Mesh Database Click on the link on the left-hand side of the PubMed home page.

6. MeSH database MeSH is the controlled vocabulary for indexing articles for MEDLINE. MeSH Terms are assigned as Keywords to each record that is “Indexed for MEDLINE”. NB. Articles in PubMed that are not on MEDLINE have no MeSH Terms assigned to their records

7. Searching in MeSH To find a MeSH term type your search in the query box and click on “Go”. In this example we will check for a MeSH Term for “Cancer”.

8. MeSH search results From these results we see that the MeSH term for Cancer is “Neoplasms”. Click on the linked term for more information.

9. MeSH Terms The record for a MeSH term contains a definition of the term, associated subheadings, a list of entry terms, and the tree view of MeSH. Highlighted above is the definition provided for the term “Neoplasms”

10. MeSH Subheadings All subheadings associated to a MeSH term are displayed below the definition.

11. Major MeSH and exploding a term Below the subheading are two check boxes. The first box restricts terms to “Major Topic Headings” only. The second box is to instruct PubMed not to “Explode” a term.

12. Entry terms and See Also references “Entry Terms” are listed along with “See Also” references.

13. MeSH structure diagram Each record also has a tree view of MeSH displaying the term and its position in the MeSH structure.

14. Dengue 1 To search for records with “Dengue” as a MeSH term enter the term in the query box.

15. Dengue 2 There are three MeSH terms containing the term “Dengue”.

16. Dengue 3 Here is the Dengue record and associated subheadings.

17. Dengue 4 To search PubMed check the box next to the MeSH term and select “Send to Search box with AND”, Click on the “Send To” button.

18. Dengue 5 The Term is now entered into the search box. From here you can add keywords or more MeSH Terms to the search. To search click on the “Search PubMed” button.

19. Dengue 6 We can display the results in the “Citation” display format. Here we can see the MeSH terms in each record.

20. Dengue 7 To search using subheadings select the appropriate subheading by checking the selection boxes.

21. Dengue 8 This time we are searching for the MeSH term “Dengue” with a subheading of “prevention and control”.

22. Dengue 9 The results are displayed here in Citation format showing assigned MeSH terms.

23. Dengue Major MeSH topic 1 When we restrict to “Major Topic Headings only” we are just selecting articles where the primary subject matter was “Dengue”.

24. Dengue Major MeSH topic 2 In this example we can see that the “Dengue” Mesh term is limited to Major Topic Headings [MAJR].

25. Dengue Major MeSH topic 3 In Citation display format Major MeSH terms are identified using *

26. MeSH History page The History compares the difference between searching for Dengue as a keyword, MeSH term and Major Mesh Term.

27. Geographical MeSH terms 1 There are MeSH terms assigned for geographical regions and countries. In this example we will look at the MeSH terms for “Asia”.

28. Geographical MeSH terms 2 Here is the MeSH record for Asia.

29. Geographical MeSH terms 3 In the tree view we can see a breakdown of Asia by region and country

30. Geographical MeSH terms 4 From within the Asia, Southeastern region we will select “Myanmar”

31. Geographical MeSH terms 5 In this example we can see that “Burma” and “Myanma” are Entry Terms for “Myanmar”

32. Geographical MeSH terms 6 In this example we will search for Myanmar as a MeSH term.

33. Geographical MeSH terms 7 The article highlighted is about Plasmoduim infections in Thailand and includes information about Myanmar

34. MeSH – Developing countries 1 There is a MeSH term for “Developing Countries”

35. MeSH – Developing countries 2 The Developing Countries MeSH term was introduced in 1971 and is defined by the NLM, and not by the UNDP or World Bank.

36. MeSH – Developing countries 3 In this example we can see the Entry Terms that will map to the Developing Countries MeSH Term .

37. MeSH – Developing countries 4 In this example we are going to search for articles tagged with the Developing Countries MeSH term.

38. This is the end of Module 4 Part 3 This is the end of Module 4 Part 3. There is a workbook to accompany this part of the module. The workbook will take you through a live session covering the topics included in this demonstration with working examples.