PRESIDENTS MADISON AND MONROE

1. PRESIDENTS MADISON AND MONROE

2. JAMES MADISON Madison easily won the election of 1808 and became the 4th President of the United States He would serve as president from 1809-1817 He was married to Dolley Madison

3. During the early part of Madison’s term there was conflict with the Native Americans They resented the amount of Anglos that were settling west of the Appalachian Mountains Angry Native Americans vowed to keep settlers from taking more Indian land Two of these leaders were Tecumseh and the Prophet

4. Governor William Henry Harrison of the Indiana Territory fought the Prophet at the Battle of Tippecanoe The Americans won, but Indians continued to resist settlement

5. EVENTS LEADING TO WAR Great Britain was supplying Indians with guns and ammunition America halted trade with Great Britain

6. Members of Congress from the West and South pushed for WAR! They were called War Hawks They were trying to stir up a sense of nationalism Nationalism—devotion to one’s country The leading War Hawk was Henry Clay of Kentucky

7. The War Hawks were also upset over British impressments of U.S. Sailors Impressment—seizing men from a ship and forcing them into a navy In June of 1812, President Madison reluctantly declared war on Great Britain

8. WAR OF 1812

9. The British blockaded American ports There was early fighting at sea A major U.S. victory occurred when the USS Constitution defeated the British ship HMS Guerriere

10. Fighting also occurred in the West (Great Lakes and Canada) At the Battle of Lake Erie, Oliver Hazard Perry’s small fleet defeated the British to control the lake Battle of Lake Erie

11. General Harrison continued his fighting against the Indians Tecumseh had allied himself with the British Harrison defeated and killed Tecumseh at Thames Andrew Jackson also defeated the Creek Indians at Horseshoe Bend

12. British troops, after landing in Chesapeake Bay, marched on Washington D.C. They set fire to the capital including the White House Dolley Madison, the President’s wife, was narrowly able to escape with a famous portrait of George Washington

13. The British then marched on to Baltimore The key to the city’s defense was Fort McHenry The British bombed the fort into the night The Americans held out Francis Scott Key wrote “The Star Spangled Banner” in tribute of the battle

14. O say, can you see, by the dawn's early light,What so proudly we hail'd at the twilight's last gleaming?Whose broad stripes and bright stars, thro' the perilous fight,O'er the ramparts we watch'd, were so gallantly streaming?And the rockets' red glare, the bombs bursting in air,Gave proof thro' the night that our flag was still there.O say, does that star-spangled banner yet waveO'er the land of the free and the home of the brave?

15. The Battle of New Orleans was the final battle of the War of 1812 The British wanted to capture New Orleans and sail up the Mississippi River here They were stopped by General Andrew Jackson and his sharpshooters Only seven Americans died Jackson became a national hero despite the fact that the battle was fought after peace had been decided upon

16. Yeah, they ran through the briars and they ran through the brambles. And they ran through the bushes where a rabbit couldn't go. They ran so fast that the hounds couldn't catch 'em, On down the Mississippi to the Gulf of Mexico. Well, we looked down the river and we see'd the British come. And there must have been a hundred of 'em beatin' on the drum. They stepped so high and they made the bugle ring. We hid behind our cotton bales andwe didn’t say a thing We fired our cannons till the barrel melted down, Then we grabbed an alligator and we fought another round. We filled his head with cannonballs and powdered his behind, And when we touched the powder off, the gator lost his mind. Yeah, they ran through the briars and they ran through the brambles. And they ran through the bushes where a rabbit couldn't go. They ran so fast that the hounds couldn't catch 'em, On down the Mississippi to the Gulf of Mexico. We fired our guns and the British kept a'comin.But there wasn't nigh as many as there was a while ago.We fired once more and they began to runnin'down the Mississippi to the Gulf of Mexico. Well, in eighteen and fourteen we took a little tripalong with Colonel Jackson down the mighty Mississip.We took a little bacon and we took a little beans,And we caught the bloody British near the town of New Orleans. We fired our guns and the British kept a'comin,But there wasn't nigh as many as there was a while ago.We fired once more and they began to runnin'down the Mississippi to the Gulf of Mexico. We fired our guns and the British kept a'comin.There wasn't nigh as many as there was a while ago.We fired once more and they began to runnin'down the Mississippi to the Gulf of Mexico. We fired our guns and the British kept a'comin.There wasn't nigh as many as there was a while ago.We fired once more and they began to runnin'down the Mississippi to the Gulf of Mexico. Old Hick'ry said we could take 'em by surprise, If we didn’t fire our muskets till we looked 'em in the eyes. We held our fire till we see'd their faces well, Then we opened up our squirrel guns and really gave 'em.....well,

17. TREATY OF GHENT Britain and America signed a treaty in Ghent, Belgium They agreed to restore things to prewar conditions This prompted delegate John Quincy Adams to say “Nothing was adjusted, nothing was settled”

18. JAMES MONROE President Monroe, a Democratic-Republican, was easily elected as the 5th President of the United States His time as president was called the “Era of Good Feelings” It was called this because the Federalist party had died out and no one opposed Monroe for president

19. MONROE DOCTRINE Several revolutions were occurring in Latin America Monroe worried that European powers would interfere in these revolutions He made a foreign policy statement known as the Monroe Doctrine

20. The Monroe Doctrine stated that European powers could not interfere in the Western Hemisphere or the U.S. would get involved This doctrine shaped U.S. foreign policy for more than 100 years CHECK OUT THESE CARTOONS AND DESCRIBE THEIR MEANINGS!

21. ADAMS-ONIS TREATY Secretary of State John Quincy Adams met with Spain to discuss Florida Spain agreed to give up Florida for $5 million

22. MISSOURI COMPROMISE In 1819 Congress considered Missouri’s admission as the 23rd state An uproar occurred because it would disturb the balance between free states and slave states slave free

23. Senator Henry Clay came up with a compromise He said Missouri would enter as a slave state and Maine would enter as a free state He also said that no slavery would be allowed north of the 36° 30´ line