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The Black Death and the Hundred Years’ War

The Black Death and the Hundred Years’ War. Chapter 8; Section 5. The Black Death. One in three people would die Epidemic  outbreak of rapidly spreading disease Spread by rats Rats were a common thing in cities, they were everywhere. Effects on Society.

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The Black Death and the Hundred Years’ War

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  1. The Black Death and the Hundred Years’ War Chapter 8; Section 5

  2. The Black Death • One in three people would die • Epidemic outbreak of rapidly spreading disease • Spread by rats • Rats were a common thing in cities, they were everywhere

  3. Effects on Society • No way to stop it, some turned to magic and witchcraft • Others plunged into wild pleasures, believing they would die anyway • Others saw the plague as God’s punishment

  4. God’s Punishment? • Would beat themselves with whips to show they were repenting • Christians blamed Jews, saying they had poisoned the wells • Thousands of Jews were slaughtered because of this false accusation

  5. Economic Effects • As workers and employers died, the economy suffered • AS the cost of labor soared, inflation, or rising prices, broke out • Landowners and merchants wanted laws to limit wages, landowners converted crops to sheep raising which required less labor • Caused revolts from bitter, angry workers

  6. Upheaval in the Church • John Wycliffe, an Oxford professor, attacked Church corruption • He insisted that the Bible, not the Church, was the source of all Christian truth • His followers began translating the Bible into English so that all could read it, not just clergy

  7. Response of the Church • Jan Hus, did the same in Czech Republic • The Church responded by persecuting Wycliffe and his followers • Hus was found guilty of preaching heresy and burned at the stake

  8. Hundred Years’ War

  9. Hundred Years War • 1337-1453 • War was over English rulers controlling French lands • War started when Edward III of England claimed the French crown

  10. New Weapons • English victories were common in the beginning • Most of this was because of the longbow six feet long and took years to master

  11. Longbow • Could discharge 3 arrows in the time a French archer could fire just one • Its arrows could pierce the heaviest armor

  12. Joan of Arc • 1429 • 17 yr old girl appeared at the Court of Charles VII and told him that God had sent her to save France

  13. Joan of Arc • She persuaded the desperate king to let her lead his army against the English • Would lead the French to several victories • She would pay for her success with her life

  14. Accused of Witchcraft • English captured her and tried her for witchcraft, was convicted and burned at the stake • Would be declared a saint years later by the Church • Her execution rallied the French who now viewed her as a martyr

  15. Another New Weapon • With a powerful new weapon, the cannon, they attacked castles • English now only held the port of Calais, the French had won

  16. Effects of the War • Set England and France on different paths • War created a growing sense of national feeling in France and allowed French kings to expand their power • Loss of French lands shattered English dreams of a continental empire, and they soon began looking at other trading ventures overseas

  17. More Effects • Other changes included the invention of the longbow and cannon, which undermined the armor of knights • Castles were doomed to disappear because of this • Large armies were now needed

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