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Štulhofer, A.*, Buško, V.**, Brouillard, P.***, Kuljanić, K.****

A New Measure of Sexual Satisfaction: Bi-national Validation of The New Sexual Satisfaction Scale (NSSS). Štulhofer, A.*, Buško, V.**, Brouillard, P.***, Kuljanić, K.**** *Sexology Unit, Dept. of Sociology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb

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Štulhofer, A.*, Buško, V.**, Brouillard, P.***, Kuljanić, K.****

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  1. A New Measure of Sexual Satisfaction: Bi-national Validation of The New Sexual Satisfaction Scale (NSSS) Štulhofer, A.*, Buško, V.**, Brouillard, P.***, Kuljanić, K.**** *Sexology Unit, Dept. of Sociology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb **Dept. of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb ***A&M University at Corpus Christi, TX ****Gynecology and Obstetrics Ward, University Hospital, Rijeka 8th Alps-Adria Psychology Conference, October 2-4,2008, Ljubljana, Slovenia

  2. How (scholarly) important is sexual satisfaction? • Standard social science justification • Marital stability • Sexual satisfaction=“intimate glue” • Sexological justification • Sexual rights paradigm • Sexual health paradigm • “Postmodern” real life justification • Sexual satisfaction=measure of individual success

  3. What the world needs nowis not another sexual satisfaction scale… - OR? • Existing instruments • General (one or two-item) measures • Ad hoc measures (Hudson et al, 1981 /Index of Sexual Satisfaction/; Young & Luquis, 1998; Snell, 1993) • Gender-specific m. (Pinney et al., 1987 /Pinney Inventory/; Meston & Trapnell, 2005 /Sexual Satisfaction Scale for Women/) • Relationship-specific m. (Lawrance & Byers, 1995 /Interpersonal Exchange Model of Sexual Satisfaction/) • Sexual health or combined satisfaction-distress measures (clinical relevance is emphasized; Golombok & Rust, 1986 /G-R Inventory/; Meston & Trapnell, 2005) • Hetero-specificity? (Unknown) • Our rationale…

  4. Conceptual framework: Revisiting sex therapy • The majority of existing scales do not have a clear theoretical/conceptual anchorage • A somewhat paradoxical approach: starting from a negative perspective (What is behind the lack of sexual satisfaction? Which factors negatively affect sexual health?) • Sex therapy and counseling literature as the starting point

  5. Conceptual framework: Basic dimensions and related categories

  6. Participants and data collection • Online questionnaire (using a US-based commercial Internet surveying tool) • Mostly network-based or referral sampling • Data collected between November 2007 and May 2008 • The samples: • Croatian students (2 samples; n=544+219 /test-retest/) • Croatian adults (n=729) • Croatian non-heterosexual adults (n=360) • Croatian clinical sample (n=54) • US students (n=356) • US adults (n=212)

  7. Scale development • Initial pool of 35 items (Likert-type scale: 1=completely dissatisfied / 5=completely satisfied) • 1st step: PCA procedure extracted 5-6 factors with Eigenvalue >1 • 2nd step: forced two-factor solution (oblimin rotation with Kaiser normalization) • 54-58% total item variance explained; factor correlation=.52-.61 • Final selection of items (k=20, 10 per component) was guided by factor loadings and content overlap (redundancy)

  8. Two facets of sexual satisfaction • Ego-centered vs. Partner- (and sexualactivity) centered dimension • Both factors contain items related to all five conceptual dimensions

  9. The New Sexual Satisfaction Scale (NSSS)

  10. Reliability

  11. Construct validity *p < .05; **p < .01; ***p < .001

  12. Temporal stability M1 = 1st measurement mean, M2 = 2nd measurement mean; *p <.001

  13. Clinical application p<.001

  14. Study limitations • Theoretical framework was not confirmed • Size of the initial pool of items? • Initial “dichotomization” of items? • Presence of 5 dimensions in each factor; high correlation between the NSSS (k=20) and a short version (k=12) constructed following the conceptual framework (r=.98-.99) • Sampling bias and systematic overestimation of sexual satisfaction levels

  15. Conclusion and further steps • The NSSS appears to be valid and cross-culturally applicable scale for measuring sexual satisfaction/content • Sociocultural “determinants” of sexual satisfaction (the US vs. Croatia): CRO_sat > US_sat CRO_FEM_sat = CRO_MALE_sat US_FEM_sat > US_MALE_sat CRO_ADULT_sat > CRO_STUD_sat US_ADULT_sat < US_STUD_sat FEM_ego_sat < or = FEM_partner_sat MALE_ego_sat > MALE_partner_sat • NSSS isapplicable regardless of gender, relationship status, or sexual orientation • More thorough clinical assessment is needed (an on-going study on couples participating in an assisted reproduction program /infertility treatment/) • Exploring variation in the NSSS scores associated with the type, dynamics, and “locus” of sexual problem/dysfunction

  16. Thank you...

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