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SOAPSTone. Analyzing Primary Source Documents. Focus Question:. Describe in a short, two to three sentence response, what you would like to learn in this class during the year. Objectives:. After today’s lesson, you will: Investigate the tools within the textbook.
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SOAPSTone Analyzing Primary Source Documents
Focus Question: • Describe in a short, two to three sentence response, what you would like to learn in this class during the year.
Objectives: After today’s lesson, you will: • Investigate the tools within the textbook. • Describe the importance of documents to the study of history. • Analyze a series of documents using the SOAPSTone strategy
Documents • History is studied by using documents • Documents are any item useful for study • Articles, essays, newspapers, diaries, memos, etc. • Maps, graphs, charts • Paintings, Cartoons, Photos • Songs, Film, Video • Artifacts
Sources • Primary Sources: Written and developed during the time studied • Secondary Sources: Written and developed after the fact. Both are highly valuable to historians
Analyzing Primary Sources • SOAPSTone • Speaker • Occasion • Audience • Purpose • Subject • Tone
Speaker:The speaker is the voice that tells the story. Include not only the name of the author, but also important facts about him/her. • Occasion:It is the time and place of the piece; the context that encouraged the writing to happen. • Audience:The audience is the group of readers to whom the piece is directed.
Purpose: It is the reason behind the text. What does the author want the audience to think or do as a result of reading this text? • Subject:It is the general topic, content, and ideas contained in the text. This should be brief. • Tone:It is the attitude of the author as heard in his/her tone of voice. Tone extends meaning beyond the literal.
“Facts are stubborn things; and whatever may be our wishes, our inclinations [preference], or the dictates of our passions, they cannot alter the state of facts and evidence: nor is the law less stable than the fact; if an assault was made to endanger their lives, the law is clear, they had a right to kill in their own defence; if it was not so severe as to endanger their lives, yet if they were assaulted at all, struck and abused by blows of any sort, by snow-balls, oyster-shells, cinders, clubs, or sticks of any kind; this was a provocation, for which the law reduces the offence of killing, down to manslaughter, in consideration of those passions in our nature, which cannot be eradicated. To your candour [fairness] and justice I submit the prisoners and their cause.” John Adams, Defense Counsel Closing Arguments, Boston Massacre Trial December 1770 Boston, MA
Summary • In a short, two to three sentence response, describe the most important thing you learned in this class today.