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Literature

Literature. By Christina Oelsner. Literature in the Umayyad Empire. Most literature was poetry pertaining to love. Ghazal - poem consisting of rhymes, couplets, and refrains (mostly about love and separation).

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Literature

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  1. Literature By Christina Oelsner

  2. Literature in the Umayyad Empire • Most literature was poetry pertaining to love. • Ghazal- poem consisting of rhymes, couplets, and refrains (mostly about love and separation). • Qasidah- a type of poem, although first whenpre-Islamic, was written usually about one main subject and has heavier meters. “Now” the main themes usually pertain to tribes, hajj, or other religious ideas.

  3. Writers who influenced Literature • WalidibnYazid (died 744)- last emperor of the Umayyad Empire; wrote short and sweet love verses and poetry about wine. • Two famous writers who contributed to the Hadith, or a great compilation of Islamic traditions, were acknowledged as writing works that closely followed in religious importance of the Qur’an.

  4. Works of Literature • al-Bukhari wrote the At-Ta’rikn al-Kabirwhich means “The Large History.” • Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj wrote the Sahihor “The Genuine.”

  5. Literature in the Abbasid Empire • Townspeople could become poets, wasn’t exclusive. • There was a conflict between the traditional ideals and the “modern” way. • Classical Bedouin style was the main style of literature. • HubbUdri(Udrah love) parallel to Ghazal • Learned to make cheap writing material from the Chinese.

  6. Influential Writers • Ibn al-Mutazz- wrote the Kitab al-Badi(“Book of the Novel and Strange”); a “modern” poet who laid the foundation for stylistic devices in Arabic poetry. • Abu Nuwas- the most remarkable Abbasid poet because of all the controversy he caused with orthodox Muslims.

  7. Works of Literature • The Thousand and One Nights- has Islamic characters and morals/themes in many of the stories. • Shah-Nama (“Book of the Kings”)- epic poem • Rubaiyat- about finding oneself and becoming one instead of lusting over a woman. • Al-Fu Sulwa al-ghayat(“Paragraphs and Periods”)- was believed to be a parody to Qur’an.

  8. Role in Islamic Empire • Writer, al-Hariri, has influenced the language and learning of Islamic civilization through his short stories and essays about grammar. • Hadith • Spread Islamic culture such as “conduct of government” and “rules of etiquette.”

  9. Impact on Modern Society • Through studying the poets, historians today find information on Islamic societies, politics, and religion. • ‘“If Farazdaq’s [a Umayyad poet] poetry did not exist, one third of the Arabic language would be lost.”

  10. Works Cited • "The Golden Age." Islam and Islamic History in arabia and The Middle East. 6 Oct. 2008 <http://www.islamicity.com>. • HadithSahihBukhari (in Arabic). 7 Oct. 2008 <http://www.hilalplaza.com>. • "Islamic Arts." Britannica Online. 3 Oct. 2008 <http://www.britannica.com/ebchecked/topic/295642/islamic-arts#>. • Stearns, Peter N. World civilizations: The Global Experience. 5th ed. New York, NY: Pearson Education, Inc, 2007. 158-59. • The Thousand and One Nights. 7 Oct. 2008 <http://images-eu.amazon.com/images/p/0140442898.01.lzzzzzzz.jpg>.

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